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Geography > Changing Cities > Flashcards

Changing Cities Flashcards

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1
Q

what is urbanisation?

A

the increase in the number of people living in towns and cities compared to the number of people living in the countryside.

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2
Q

what is an urban area?

A

towns and cities - built up areas.

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3
Q

what is a developed country?

A

a country with very high human development

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4
Q

what is an emerging country?

A

a country with a high and medium human development.

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5
Q

what is a developing country?

A

a country with low human development - a poor country.

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6
Q

what is a mega city?

A

a very large city with a population of over 10 million people.

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7
Q

what is a major city?

A

a city with the population of at least 400,000 people.

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8
Q

what is rural to urban migration?

A

movement of people from the countryside to the city.

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9
Q

what is counter urbanisation?

A

the movement of people and employment from major cities to smaller settlements and rural areas.

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10
Q

what is re-urbanisation?

A

the movement of people towards city centres and away from rural areas and suburbs.

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11
Q

what is distribution?

A

the arrangement of something

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12
Q

what is the density of population?

A

the number of people in an area - usually given as people per square kilometre.

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13
Q

what is a region?

A

a unit within a country

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14
Q

what is a major urban centre?

A

an area which has a high population density and is made up of houses, industrial buildings, factories and transport routes.

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15
Q

what is rate of urbanisation?

A

the speed at which settlements are built

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16
Q

what is the degree of urbanisation?

A

the amount of built up area that has developed within a region.

17
Q

what is a choropleth map?

A

a map that uses shading in one colour to show distribution/density

18
Q

list the factors that affect urbanisation in the UK.

A
  1. ports
  2. retirement
  3. natural resources
  4. industrialisation
  5. enclosure acts (1750 - 1860_
  6. tourism
19
Q

why does population density vary?

A

north - population tends to be lower as there are fewer major cities.
the population density also tends to be lower in areas of high relief land as it is harder to build settlements and there are often adverse weather conditions.
the population density tends to be higher in the south because there is netter climate, accessibility snd its lower relief which makes it easier to build settlements on.

20
Q

what factors caused the rate and degree of urbanisation to differ between the regions of the UK?

A

physical factors - relief of the land
historical factors - industrial revolution caused factory towns to grow larger.
tourism - coastal towns attract tourists
natural resources.
economic factors
political factors - London is the centre of the UK government.

21
Q

what is a land use zone?

A

the area if the town which contains the main shopping area, banks, offices, restaurants and public buildings like the Town hall and Parish Church, few people live here.

22
Q

what is a transect?

A

the area surrounding the town - not built up - farms, villages and woodland

23
Q

what is the central business district (CBD)?

A

area of the city containing private and council houses, schools and shopping parades built in the 1920s and 1930s.

24
Q

what is the inner city?

A

terraced houses for factory workers - some now replaced with high rise flats. small corner shops.

25
Q

what are the inner suburbs?

A

larger houses usually with gardens, some parks and some rows shops.

26
Q

what are the outer suburbs?

A

new houses and estates. new shopping centres, parks and other open areas.

27
Q

what is the old industrial area?

A

along a river, canal or railway. Many old factories are now closed - area may look run down.

28
Q

what is the new industrial area?

A

industrial estates and business parks built since 1970s - close to main roads.

29
Q

what is deindustrialisation?

A

the decline in industrial activity in an area

Geography (26 decks)

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