Changes In Industry

Question 1

What were stalins motives for the 5 year plans

Answer 1

Feared invasion
Opposed nep and privat enterprise - agaist communist ideas, this was communist and used to outmanouvre other Bolsheviks
Wanted full control of soviet industry
More tractors needed for farms

Question 2

First five year plans

Answer 2

Foccused on heavy industry of coal steel and iron
New industrial centres, factories, constructed
Huge towns built from scratch deep inside ussr
Magnitigorsk grew from 25-25000 people in 1929-32 3 years
Workers expected to work hard as possible and reach stalins targets
If not met they were publicly ashamed
Some could not cope so there was lots of absenteeism which led to checks on wokrers - those who had no good excuse sent to siberia
Most happy as it was thought socialism was better for russia

Question 3

Who were the gosplan

Answer 3

Stae planning authority

Set targets for certain key industries and ensured they were given priority in allocation of man power and raw materials

Question 4

Second 5 year plans

Answer 4

Set targets for increased production of consumer goods
Mistakes of harsh targets were avoided
Rationin ended
Strikes not permitted
Greater use of technical expertise, coal, chem, transport, minerals, but oil didnt improve\
Fear of invasion again frm germany so industry was prioritsed
Productin of armaments trebeled

Question 5

Thirs 5 year plans

Answer 5

Launched in 1938
Abandoned when germany invaded in june 1941
Production of goods and luxury items, but after invasion was industry
Lots or armmanet ot enough steel and oil
Many problmes cause of purges as many seniors were removed

Question 6

What was the dates for each of the 5yr plans

Answer 6

1928-32
1933-37
1938-41

Question 7

The stakhonvite movemnt

Answer 7

Alexei stakohnvite became hero as he shifter 102 tonees of coal
THIS WAS FAKE
It was used to motivate minors
Howver in late 1930s those in movemnt were beaten and killed by fellow wokrers

Question 8

Sucesses of 5 yr plans

Answer 8

By 1940 - second largest industrial power
Coal increased 35MT TO 150 MT
Steel increased by 3MT TO 18MT
Oil increased by 12MT TO 26MT
Electricity increased by 18MT TO 90MT
Skilled workforce created
Development of cities population by 29 million

Question 9

Failures of 5 year plans

Answer 9

Wokring and living conditions were tough
Millions died
Anyone who complaied was seen as enemy of stae
Targets were ambitious
Textiles production fell
Shortage of consumer goods
Many workers were peasants with littel experience - tractors broke down a lot