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Champagne Flashcards

1
Q

What early vintages in the Champagne had exceptional cold spells, contributing to stuck fermentations and accidental sparkling wines

A

1650
1770
1850

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2
Q

Mosser

A

A wooden whisk used to stir and release undesirable CO2 from wine, 1600’s.

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3
Q

What 3 17th century advancements helped vignerons master sparkling wine production?

A
  1. Stronger glass bottles
  2. Uniform bottle neck openings
  3. Corks as mainstream closure
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4
Q

When was the first intentionally crafted sparkling Champagne made?

A

Between 1695-1698

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5
Q

What and when the first Champagne house was established?

A

Ruinart- 1729

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6
Q

Year for 1st Champagne drinking glass?

A

1755, long conical bowl

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7
Q

Louis Pasteur’s discovery?

What did it allow for?

A

action & significance of yeast-1857

Enabled producers to fine tune the fermentation process, leading to the concept of “house style”

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8
Q

Name a mono-parcelle

A

Philipponnat’s Clos des Goisses

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9
Q

Name a mono-cru

A

Salon’s Cuvée “S” Le Mesnil Blanc de Blancs

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10
Q

Co-ops role in Champagne

A

More Co-ops here then any other French wine region

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11
Q

Sur Lattes

A

“on the lattes”. Thin strips of wood used to separate one row of champagne bottles from another in a stack

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12
Q

CIVC

A

Comite Interprofessionnel du Vin de Champagne

Can block/authorize the release of a producer’s reserves.

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13
Q

Vin de la Montagne

A

Mountain wines

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14
Q

Vin de la Riviere

A

River Wines

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15
Q

Early Champagne production (4th-9th century) was what style of wine?

A

Mostly, Red & Still

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16
Q

Decree of 1728?

A

King Louis XV allowing transport & trade of Champagne in bottle

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17
Q

Reims was originally famous for its?

A

Textiles

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18
Q

When was the term Champagne made a legal term?

A

1887, now can only be used for wines in the region.

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19
Q

When and how did Phylloxera affect Champagne?

A

1890- Killed 80% of vineyards

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20
Q

What happened Champagne in 1908?

A

Zone of production delineated. Riots believing Aube should be a 2nd zone

1927, Aube officially part of Champagne

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21
Q

Troyes?

A

Heart of Champagne, used to be capital of the region. “Le Bouchon de Champagne” (From the air looks like a Champagne cork)

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22
Q

Champagne’s Golden Age?

A

1870-1914
Belle Epoque & Roaring 20’s

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23
Q

What is the largest AOC in France by value?

A

Champagne

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24
Q

Champagne parallels?

A

48-49.5

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25
Champagne days of frost on average/yr
60-80 days
26
What is the Paris Basin?
Downward depression of sedimentary rock strata
27
Champagne soil types?
Chalk Linestone Marl Sand/Clay
28
What areas of Champagne are famous for Chalk soils?
Cote de Blancs, Montgueux, Vitry le Francor Ay, Reims, Epernay, Ambonnay, Verzenay
29
What varietal likes Chalk the most?
Chardonnay, produces high acid, lean, with reserved aromatics.
30
Crayeres?
Ancient underground chalk quarry
31
Champagne 2 types of Chalk
1. Belemnite- preferred! Fossilized squid, upper-mid slope 2. Micraster- fossilized sea urchin, where the slopes flatten out.
32
What varietal Likes Limestone Marl the most?
Pinot Noir, Makes deep aromatic, earthy style. least acid of Champagne varietals.
33
Champagne Areas famous for Limestone Marl?
Grand Montagne de Reims, Cote de Bar
34
Areas Champagne for Sand/Clay
Valle de la Marne, Val de Reims, Coteaux Sud d' Epernay, Val de Petit Marn Sezanne=Chalk & Clay
35
4 Principle terroirs of the Montagne & Val de Reims
1. Massif de Saint-Thierry 2. Val de Reims 3. Grand Montagne de Reims 4. Monts de Berru
36
Massif de Saint-Thierry
Montagne de Reims Vesle River Sand/Clay/Marl 85% PM
37
Val de Reims
Montagne de Reims Vesle & Ardre Valleys Sand/Clay/Marl PM
38
Grand Montagne de Reims
South of Reims Limestone rich marl/chalk PN Many 1er and Grand Cru
39
N Facing Grand Cru of Montagne de Reims
Verzy Verzenay Mailly Less power/ Higher Acid
40
S facing Grand Cru of Montagne de Reims
Bouzy Ambonny
41
Monts de Berru
Montagne de Reims Chalk Chardonnay
42
Madame de Pompadour quote
"Champagne is the only wine that allows a woman to remain beautiful after she's drunk it"
43
6 principle terroirs of Valle de la Marne
1.Grand Valle de la Marne 2. Rive Gauche (Left Bank) 3. Rive Droite (Right Bank) 4. Ouest 5. Conde 6. Coteaux Sud d'Epernay
44
Grand Valle de la Marne
~Steep valley, Marne River flows west ~Sand/Clay/Marl/ Pockets of Chalk ~PN ~Ay, Tours sur Marne= grand crus
45
Rive Gauche
Valle de la Marne South Bank (left) Sand/Marl/Clay PM
46
Rive Droite
Valle de la Marne Val de Reims North Bank (right) Sand/Marl/Clay PM
47
Ouest
Valle de la Marne Val de Reims Sand/Marl/Clay PM
48
Conde
PM Limestone Uplift
49
Coteaux Sud d'Epernay
Sand/Marl/Clay/Chalk PM/CH, sprinkle of PN
50
5 terroirs of Cote de Blancs
1. Cote de Blancs 2. Val du Petit Morin 3.Cote de Sezanne 4. Vitryat (Vitry le Francois) 5. Montgueux
51
Which terroir of Cote de Blancs is known for something other than chalk
Val du Petit Morin Mix of chalk/sand/marl/clay Chard & PM
52
2 Terroirs of Cote de Bar
1. Bar-sur Aubois 2. Barsequanais
53
Echelle de Crus
Scale of Growths 1911 80-100%
54
How many wine producing villages
300+ 17 Grand Cru 42 1er Cru
55
Principle varietals of Champagne from 9th to 16th century?
Gouais (Blanc & Noir) Vin de la Montagne Fromenteau (PG) (Vin di Riviere)
56
Name the 4 secondary grapes of champagne
1. PG (Fromenteau) 2. PB 3. Arbane (white) 4. Petit Meslier (white)
57
Approved training methods for Champagne
1. Chablis 2. Cordon 3. Guyot 4. Vallee de la Marne
58
Rootstock with affinity for chalky soils
41B
59
How many Champagne houses? Growers?
300 15K!
60
When/why was Doux Champagne popular?
19th Century. Russian Market
61
Name of Special Club
Club Tresors de Champagne
62
The 3 AOC's of Champagne
1. Champagne AOC 2. Coteaux Champenois AOC 3. Rose de Riceys AOC
63
Rose de Riceys AOC
PN still Rose
64
Coteaux Champenois AOC
Dry white Rose Red All Champagne varietals
65
RC
Recoltant Cooperator Grape grower brings grapes to co-op who vinifies then reclaims the wine and sells under own label
66
SR
Society de Recoltants Group of Growers who join together making one or more communal brands
67
CM
Cooperative de Manipulation Co-op which vinifies the grapes of member growers
68
MA
Marque Auxiliaire Private label for wine registered by individual group or society with the purpose of selling to their customers. The source for the label could be NM, RM, RC etc
69
ND
Negociant Distriuteur Buys Champagne sur latte(finished) Puts own label on them.
70
Styles of Champagne
1. Vintage 2. NV/MV 3.1er Cru 4. Grand Cru 5.Blanc de Blancs 6. Blanc de Noirs 7. Rosé 8. Presige Cuvée 9.Late-Disgorged 10. Mono-parcelle 11. Mono-cru 12. Special Club 13. Solera/Perpetual Reserve
71
Vin Clair
Base Wine
72
Assemblage
Blend to make the cuvee
73
Tirage
Liquer de Tirage Yeast and Sugar put into bottle for 2nd ferment
74
Pris de Mousse
Seize the foam
75
Lattes
Thin strips of wood wine is stored on during fermentation.
76
Remuage
Riddling
77
Barbe Nicole Ponsardin
Veuve Cliquot Riddling
78
Pupitre
A Shaped rack for riddling 3 months
79
gyropalette
1 week 50000 bottles in same time 6000 took before
80
Transversage
When Larger or smaller Champagne bottles are filled from 750's (because they do not go through secondary fermentation in bottle.
81
Liquer d'expedition
Liquer de Dosage Wine/Sugar
82
Sparkling Sweetness Levels
Brut Nature 0-3 Extra Bru 0-6 Brut 0-12 Extra Sec 12-17 Sec 17-32 Demi sec 32-50 Doux > 50
83
Jupone
Skirt shaped/mushroom shaped cork
84
Cheville
Peg Shaped cork (Older)
85
Approximate atm Champagne
6
86
NV Champagne law
12 on lees, 15 months total in cellar
87
Vintage Champagne law
12 on lees 36 months in cellar
88
Name the 9 Grand Cru of Montagne de Reims
1. Puisieulx 2. Sillery 3. Verzenay 4. Beaumont sur-Vesle 5. Mailly-Champagne 6. Verzy 7. Louvois 8.Bouzy 9. Ambonnay
89
Name the 2 Grand Cru of Valle de Marne
1. Tours-sur-Marne 2. Äy
90
Name the 6 Grand Cru of Cote de Blancs
1. Chouilly 2. Airy 3. Cramant 4. Avize 5. Oger 6. Le Mesnil-sur Oger
91
What river runs through Reims?
La Vesle
92
The Val de Reims has 2 valleys, what are they?
Val du Vesle Val du Ardre

French Wine Scholar (15 decks)

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