Ch.9

Question 1

what is a function of muscles

Answer 1

pumping blood, generate heat, movement

Question 2

What is the epimysium

Answer 2

outermost layer connective tissue surrounding skeletal muscle

Question 3

What is endomysium made of

Answer 3

loose connective tissue

Question 4

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

Answer 4

myosin and actin

Question 5

What causes the striated appearance of skeletal muscle fibers

Answer 5

orgainization of sarcomeres

Question 6

Sacromere description

Answer 6

segment of muscle fiber

Question 7

Function of transverse tubules

Answer 7

transmits electrical impulses to interior of the cell

Question 8

A tendon is blank, whereas an aponeurosis is blank

Answer 8

cordlike that connects muscle to bone ; sheet that connects muscle to muscle

Question 9

Unlike smooth muscle cells, the blank of skeletal and cardiac muscle cells are well developed

Answer 9

Transverse tubules and sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

List these structures in order from smallest to largest: fascicle, filament, muscle fiber, myofibril, muscle

Answer 10

filament, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle

Question 11

List structures in order from deepest to most superficial: perimysium, epimysium, endomysium, fascia

Answer 11

endomysium, perimysium, epimysium, fascia

Question 12

What is the functional unit of muscle contraction

Answer 12

Sarcomere

Question 13

Many muscles are names for their location, particularly in relation to bones. In what body region would you expect to find the frontal muscle?

Answer 13

cranium

Question 14

Muscle fibers generally have only one motor end plate, bu a single motor neuron can innervate many different muscle fibers in a group. How does this arrangement affect muscle contraction

Answer 14

generates more force

Question 15

The characteristic reddish brown color of skeletal muscle is due to the presence of what

Answer 15

myoglobolin

Question 16

How do skeletal muscles help maintain body temp

Answer 16

muscle contraction releases heat

Question 17

What is a myogram

Answer 17

graph recording of muscle contraction

Question 18

The term ____ refers to an increase in the number of motor units activated as a results of more intense stimuation

Answer 18

recruitment

Question 19

What features are not present in smooth muscle

Answer 19

striation and transverse tubules

Question 20

What happens in a muscle as it undergoes atrophy in response to disuse

Answer 20

size of actin and myosin filaments decrease - atrophy

Question 21

How does smooth muscle compare to skeletal

Answer 21

smooth contracts slower and relax slower

Question 22

Muscle cells that are short in length and have centrally located nuclei are what kind of cells

Answer 22

smooth

Question 23

What neurotransmitter can stimulate smooth muscle cells

Answer 23

acetylcholine and norepinepherine

Question 24

What has happened in someone with myasthenia graves that causes them to have muscle weakness

Answer 24

decrease in each receptors on muscle fibers

Question 25

What happens to the fibers of muscle whose motor neurons have been severed

Answer 25

Muscle fibers become smaller, Mose mitochondria, myosin and actin

Question 26

Recruitment refers to

Answer 26

increasing number of motor units

Question 27

Troponin, tropomyosin and actin are all pars of the blank

Answer 27

thin filaments

Question 28

what structure within a skeletal muscle cell extends from z line to z line

Answer 28

sarcomere

Question 29

main component of thin filaments

Answer 29

actin

Question 30

what are fascicles

Answer 30

bonded unit of muscle fibers