Ch. 8 Flashcards
Articulations are also known as what?
joints
What characteristic is used to classify joints as synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic or diarthrotic?
degree of movement they make possible
In craniosynostosis, the bones of the skull fuse tog at the sutures prematurely, causing the brain to grow abnormally. why would this cause abnormal brain growth?
sutures considered emphiartiritic to accommodate brain growth
What are generic examples of types of fibrous joints?
syndesmoses, sutures, gomphoses
What is a gomphosis joint?
Fibrous joint - tooth in jaw bone
A suture is an example of what type of joint?
fibrous
What type of joint is between adjacent vertebral bodies?
symphysis joint
What connects bones tog in a cartilaginous joint?
hyaline cartilage or gibrocartilate
What is the function of synchondrosis
allow bone lengthening
What does synovial membrane secrete?
synovial fluid
What happens if the synovial membrane could not secrete synovial fluid
cartilage wouldn’t get nutrients
Bones of a synovial joint are held tog by
joint capsule
What is source of oxygen and nutrients for articular cartilage
synovial fluid
What reinforces a joint capsule
ligaments
What is a bursae
fluid filled sacs containing synovial fluid
What is the fibrocartilage discs that divide a joint into two compartments
meniscus
Rotational movement is possible in what type of joint
ball and socket
Most of the joints between the short bones in the ankle and wrist are
plane joints
A muscle end attached to a less movable or relatively fixed parts called the
origin
Define abduction
moving part away from midlie
Extension
parts at joint farther apart, straighten knee
Flexion
bending parts so they closer tog, bending knee
Adduction
moving toward midline; fingers close tog
The act of closing the fingers to make a fist is what type of joint movement?
flexion
You turn your head to look at something over your shoulder. This is an example of what
Rotation of the head
What joint is the largest and most complex synovial joint
knee
Define dislocation
displacement
What movements are permitted by the elbow joint located between the humerus and the ulna?
flexion and extension
Describe plantar flexion
movement at the ankle pointing toes down
Describe dorsiflexion
toes up towards shin
What is the effect of activity and exercise on joints
lessen or forestall stiffness; they function longer
Disuse of joints does what
hampers nutrient supply
What materials are used to build artificial joints
small - silicone polymers ; large; titanium
A patient is experiencing joint inflammation and pain. they undergo an arthrocentesis and their physician discovers cloudy pus filled synovial fluid. Which of these conditions is most likely occurring?
bacterial joint infection
Cause of ra vs oa
RA - autoimmune where immune system attacks joints OA - wear and tear over time and aging
What is rheumatoid arthritis
synovial membrane inflamed
What is a sprain
stretch or tear to ligaments
What type of joint is immovable?
suture and gonthoses
Fibrous joints between the flat bones of the skull are
sutures
One example of a multiaxial joint is the blank
glenohumeral
Synovial fluid blank and blank the cartilaginous surfaces in a joint
moistens and lubricates
Whan you walk up the stairs, your hip and knee joints ____ to lift your body weight
extend
