Ch. 11 Flashcards
In meningitis, what specific structures would be inflamed and swollen?
arachnoid mater, pia mater, dura mater
What is the appearance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)>
clear, watery
With a subdural hematoma a resulting from a blow to the head, where has the blood accumulated?
between dura mater and arachnoid mater
What is found within the dural sinuses?
venous blood
The ____ is the thin meninx attached to the surface of the brain, containing many nerves and blood vessels
pia mater
The choroid plexuses located in the ____ secrete most of the cerebrospinal fluid present at any one time
lateral ventricles in cerebrum
Where is the fourth ventricle located?
within the brain stem
Statement that describes the function of cerebrospinal fluid
stable ionic concentration in brain and spinal cord
The cerebral aqueduct contains CSF flowing from the ___ to the ___
3rd, 4th ventricle
Cerebrospinal fluid reentered the blood via ________
arachnoid granulations
What is the correct order for the components of a reflex arc
receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, effector
What is the expected response to the triceps jerk relfex
extension of forearm
What is found within the gray matter of the spinal cord
interneurons
The gray matter of the spinal cord is divided into areas called
horns
What is the caudal equina
bundle of nervous tissue that extends beyond tip of spinal cord
What is the significance of the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord?
supplies nerves to upper extremities
A ___ is the simplest nerve pathway from a sensory receptor to an effector
reflex arc
Where is the third ventricle located
diancephelon
The “buzz” experienced by smokers is due to the binding of nicotine to the category of ____ receptor called nicotinic receptors
cholinergic
What part of the brain coordinates voluntary muscular movements
cerebellum
The ____ is suspended from the hypothalamus via an infundibulum
pituitary gland
The embryonic forebrain will give rise to what part of the mature brain
cerebrum and diancephelon
The surface of the cerebrum is marked by grooves called ____ that separate ridges called ____
sulcus; gyri
Where is the primary motor area of the brain located?
pre central gyro of frontal lobe
Following a brain injury, a soldier is now unable to speak. What area of the brain was most likely damaged?
Broca’s area
What is a function of the association areas of the frontal lobes
higher intellectual processes
The ____ includes the thalamus and hypothalamus
diencephalon
What is one of the many functions of the hypothalamus?
Maintain homeostasis (regulate body temp)
What functional area is located in the post central gyrus?
primary somatosensory cortex
What is a cerebrovascular accident?
stroke: death of nervous tissue tue to blocked blood flow
For most people, the dominant cerebral hemisphere is their ____ hemisphere.
left
What type of sleep is dreamless and associated with decreased blood pressure and respiratory rate
non rapid eye movement (non REM)
What is the effect of sensory nerve fibers crossing over
Controls opposite side of hemisphere. L controls R and R controls L
What might results from injury to the reticular formation
coma
What part of the brain assigns value to a memory
amygdalae
The neurotransmitter ____ secreted by the neurons of the basal nuclei. The degeneration of these neurons results in ____ disease.
dopamine; Parkinson’s
Nerve fibers of the somatic nervous system serve the ___ and nerve fibers of the autonomic nervous system serve the ___.
CNS; PNS viseral
During a meal, the ____ nervous system stimulates digestive activity and slows heart rate. During the exercise, the ____ nervous system inhibits digestion and increases heart rate.
parasympathetic; sympathetic
On her way home from class, the driver in front of Caroline suddenly hits his brakes, startling her. She is able to brake in time to avoid an accident, but she finds that her heart is racing and her palms are sweaty. What type of response did she experience?
sympathetic nervous system
The paravertebral ganglia are a part of the ____ nervous system
sympathetic
What is contained in the dorsal root ganglia
cell body of sensory neurons
The ___ of the brain controls emotional responses and emotional expression In response to stimuli.
limbic system
From superficial to deep the meninges are…
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
What is dermatome
skin supplied by single spinal nerve
Which cranial nerves are primarily motor nerves innervating the muscles that move the eyes?
Sbducens nerve #6, oculomotor nerve #3, trochlear nerve #4
Which cranial nerves are comprised of only sensory fibers
Olfactory #1, optic #2, vestibulcocklear
