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Sociology > CH8/Race > Flashcards

CH8/Race Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The ______ definition of race according to Snipp, states that race is rooted in folklore, religious beliefs and other traditions such as origin stories that are outside empirical evidence.

A

Mystical

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2
Q

The _______ definition of race according to Snipp, states that certain genetic variation is evident in all of one kind of race. Examples include earwax texture and fingerprint patterns that could be used to identify certain races.

A

Biological

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3
Q

The _______ definition of race according to snipp, states that race is constructed by government and other bureaucratic institutions to realize a political agenda or administrative task.

A

Administrative

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4
Q

The ___ ____ ___ is the belief that if an individual had any black ancestry no matter how small, that person was legally and socially black.

A

One Drop Rule

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5
Q

The _______ fallacy is the belief that there are only racist people that intend to be racist.

A

Individualistic

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6
Q

The _______ fallacy states that since there are laws that have abolished racist laws; therefore, there can’t be racism.

A

Legalistic

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7
Q

The _________ Fallacy is the belief that since there are people of color in economic and political power there has been a complete eradication of racial obstacles.

A

Tokenisitc

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8
Q

The _______ fallacy is the belief that history is not important and inconsequential today.

A

Ahistorical

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9
Q

The _______ fallacy is the belief that racism doesn’t develop in any way. In other words that only heinous acts of explicit racism is true racism and thus since those are becoming less common, racism is decreasing.

A

Fixed

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10
Q

________ racism is systemic white domination of people of color embedded in all institutions.

A

Institutional

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11
Q

_______ racism is racism in everyday interactions and practices and can be either overt or covert.

A

Interpersonal

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12
Q

_____ ____ are groups in a population that differ from others in some characteristics and are therefore subject to less power, fewer privileges, and discrimination.

A

Minority Groups

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13
Q

Factors that create minority groups:
_________ from dominant group
_______ from full meso level of society
________ levels of power or resources
_______ allowing dominant group to justify the unequal treatment
_______ ______ development to insulate from unaccepting world.

A 
Different
Excluded
Lower
Defamed
Collective Identities
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14
Q

_____ is a socially created concept that identifies a group as “different” based on certain biologically inherited physical characteristics that allow them to be singled out for dissimilar treatment.

A

Race

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15
Q

______ _______ Analysis of the Social Construction of Race states that although race is inherently a social construct, since people believe they know what race means, inevitably based on physical appearances, that race exists in that context.

A

Social Construction

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16
Q

An _____ ____ is based on cultural factors, language, religion, dress, foods, customs, beliefs, values, norms, and a shared group identity.

A

Ethnic Group

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17
Q

The process of merging many ethnic groups into one broader category is called _______

A

Panethnicity

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18
Q

______ refers to attitudes that prejudge a group usually negatively and not based on facts.

A

Prejudice

19
Q

________ are the actions of prejudice that include differential treatment of and harmful actions against minorities.

A

Discrimination

20
Q

When prejudiced individuals use distorted, oversimplified, or exaggerated ideas to categorize a group of people and attribute personal qualities to them based on identifying features, this is called ________

A

Stereotyping

21
Q

______-________ theory for the explanation of prejudice states that minority groups are blamed by people who are angry and frustrated because they cannot achieve their work or other goals.

A

Frustration-Aggression

22
Q

________ theory for the explanation of prejudice states that when it is impossible to vent anger towards the real target, frustration can take the form of aggressive action towards people who are vulnerable

A

Scapegoat

23
Q

_____ is any meso-level institutional arrangement that favors one racial group over another; this favoritism may result in intentional or unintentional consequences.

A

Racism

24
Q

___-____ ________ is a type of unintentional racism that refers to practices in one institutional area that have a negative impact because they are linked to practices in another institutional area.

A

Side-effect Discrimination

25
Q

_____-_-______ _______ is a type of unintentional racism that refers to practices from the past that may no longer be allowed but that continue to have consequences for people in the present.

A

Past-in-present-discrimination

26
Q

The form that policies toward minority groups take depends on:
which group has more _____
the needs of the dominant group for ____ or _______ that could be provided by the minority group
the ____ of each group including level of tolerance for out-groups
the _____ ______ of each group
the physical and cultural _____ that distinguish each group
the _____ and ______

A 
power
labor/resources
norms
social histories
identifiers
time circumstances
27
Q

______ is the systematic effort of one group to destroy a minority group.

A

Genocide

28
Q

_______ refers to the subordination of one group to another that holds power and authority.

A

Subjugation

29
Q

_______ is a specific type of subjugation that separates minorities from the dominant group and deprives them of access to the dominant institutions.

A

Segregation

30
Q

______ _____ refers to the removal, often forced, of a minority group from a region or country typically for land or resources.

A

Population Transfer

31
Q

_______ refers to the structural and cultural merging of minority and majority groups.

A

Assimilation

32
Q

______ occurs when each ethnic or racial group in a country maintains its own culture and separate set of institutions but has recognized equality in the society.

A

Pluralism

33
Q

The ______-____ theory of dominant-minority group relations states that maintaining a cheap pool of laborers who are in and out of work serves several purposes that benefit both groups. It also states that meso-level discrimination can be dealt with by working hard at the micro level.

A

Structural-Functionalist

34
Q

The _____ theory of dominant-minority group relations states that dominant groups protect their advantages through discriminatory actions.

A

Conflict

35
Q

The three causes for development of hostilities between groups:
________ from the we versus they thinking developed from distinguishablitiy
_______ over resources
In-equal distribution of ______

A

Ethnocentrism
Conflict
Power

36
Q

Coping Strategies for Discrimination:
______ is attempting to pass as members of the dominant class.
_______ is living with their minority status.
______ is shunning all contact with the dominant group.
_______ is the result of anger and resentment over minority status and subjugation may lead to retaliation or violence.

A

Assimilation
Acceptance
Avoidance
Aggression

37
Q

2 Types of Aggression:
______ aggression is the biting assertiveness in the arts literature art racial and ethnic humor and music.
________ aggression involves hostilities directed toward individuals or groups other than the dominant group.

A

Indirect

Displaced

38
Q

_________ ______ is another way to bring about change the meso and macro levels.

A

Nonviolent Resistance

39
Q

Individual Level Problems:
________ and _____
Individual Level Solutions:
_______ and education programs

A

Stereotypes and Prejudice

Therapy

40
Q

Group Level Problems:
______ group Interactions
Group Level Solutions:
______ contact and awareness of privilege

A

Negative

Positive

41
Q

Societal Level Problems:
_________ Discrimination
Societal Level Solutions:
______, __ revision

A

Institutionalized

Education, Law

42
Q

Global Level Problems:
Deprivation of _____ _____
Global Level Solutions:
____ _____ movements

A

Human Rights

Human Rights

43
Q

Types of Affirmative Action
______ _____ ____ involves positive steps to make sure that unintentional discrimination does not occur.
_____ ______ is a requirement that employers must hire a certain percentage minorities.
_______ _____ this is to eliminate qualifications that are not substantially related to a job that unwittingingly favor dominant group members. It also helps foster achievement of objectives of the organization that are only possible through enhanced diversity.

A

Strict Affirmative Action
Quota System
Preference Policies

Sociology (10 decks)

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