CH7 Flashcards
_____ ______ is how individuals and groups are layered or ranked in society according to how many valued resources they posses.
Social Stratificaion
______ ______ is knowledge and access to important information in the society such as values that children learn at home and bring to school.
Cultural Capita
________ _______ are networks with others who have influence.
Social Capita
The _____ _______ perspective states that each social group has norms that members learn that transmit and perpetuate our social class.
Symbolic Interaction
The ______ _____ perspective states that people engage in delayed gratification if they think the “pain” they undergo now, is worth the payoff later.
Rational Choice
The ______ ______ perspective states that stratification is necessary to a society because it motivates and structures groups.
Structural-Functionalist
The 3 Reasons Stratification Exists in Structural-Functionalist Perspective:
_____ of ______
_________
______ ______
Value of Position
Preparation
Unequal Rewards
The _______ perspective states that stratification is the outcome of struggles for dominance and scarce resources, with one group taking advantage of others.
Conflict
3 ‘P’s of Conflict Perspective Stratification
______
______
________
Power
Prestige
Property
The _______ theory takes from both conflict and structural-functionalist and states:
People must cooperate to survive but conflicts of interest occur; valued items and status are always in demand and always in short supply; there is likely to be a struggle over those goods; customs or traditions in a society prevail over rational criteria in determining distribution of resources.
Evolutionary
____ ____ refer to one’s opportunities based on both achieved and ascribed status in society.
Life Chances
_____, ______, _______ ______, and _____ _____ are all parts of individual life chances
Education, Health, Social Conditions, Life Expectancy
A ______ includes attitudes, values, beliefs, behavior patterns, and other aspects of your place in the world that have been shaped by socialization.
Lifestyle
_______ _______ is when a highly prestigious status receives a low income.
Status Inconsistency
______ _____ refers to the extent of individual movement up or down in the class system, changing one’s social position.
Social Mobility
__________ ____ refers to change in class status compared to one’s parents.
Intergenerational Mobility
_______ _____ is moving from a position at the same class level
Horizontal Mobility
________ _____ is change within a position in a single individuals life.
Intragenerational Mobility
_____ _____ is movement up or down in the hierarchy and sometimes involves changing social classes.
Vertical Mobility
A _______ is where positions are allocated in a social group or organization according to individual’s abilities and credentials.
Meritocracy
What Affects Mobility \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_
Family Economy Population Gender and Ethnicity Global Economy
_______ __________ _____ are systems where characteristics beyond the control of the individual determine one’s position in society.
Ascribed Stratification Systems
_________ ____________ ______ are systems in which individuals can earn positions through their abilities and efforts
Achieved Stratification Systems
_____ ______ are the most rigid ascribed stratification systems in which individuals are born into a status and retain it throughout life. It is deeply embedded in religious, political, and economic norms.
Caste Systems
_____ ___ are characterized by the concentration of economic and political power in the hands of a small minority of political-military elite with the peasants tied to the land.
Estate Systems
_____ _____ allow individuals the possibility to earn positions through their ability, efforts, and choices.
Class Systems
A _____ ____ ____ is a model in which power is held by top leaders in corporations, politics, and the military. These elites make major decisions guiding nations.
Power Elite Model
______ _____ of _____ is model where power is not held exclusively by an elite group but is shared among many power centers, each of which has its own self-interest to protect.
Pluralist Model of Power
______ ____ is poverty where one has no resources to meet basic needs, nor prestige, nor access to power
Absolute Poverty
_______ ____ occurs when one’s income falls below the poverty line, resulting in an inadequate standard of living in that country.
Relative Poverty
The ____ _____ is the gap between those with knowledge and access to information technology and those without.
Digital DIvide
