CH7 Psychological Disorders Flashcards
Schizophrenia,
Symptoms positive (addition to normal behavior) and negative (absence of normal behavior)
echolalia vs echopraxia
what is the downdrift hypothesis
it is a psychotic disorder
Symptoms:
Positive: delusions, Hallucinations, disorganized thought, disorganized behavior (catatonia)
echolalia: repetition of other’s words
echopraxia: repetition of other’s actions
negative symptoms: disturbance of affect (show no emotion or inappropriate affect), and avolition (lack of engagement in goals etc)
downdrift hypothesis: schizophrenia declines socioeconomic status which worsens symptoms and sets up a negative spiral
Depressive Disorders
What is a major depressive disorder, and what is anhedonia symptoms?
SIG E CAPS
Seasonal Affective disorder? (SAD)
Biological factors for depression? (hormones)
major depressive disorder: consist of at least 1 major depressive episode (period of at least 2 weeks)
Anhedonia: loss of interest in almost all enjoyable activities
Symptoms:
Sleep - Interest - Guild - Energy - Concentration - Appetite
- Psychomotor symptoms - Suicidal thoughts
Bio factors: high glucocorticoids, and low serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine
Bipolar disorders (manic depression)
what is a manic episode?
Bipolar 1?
Bipolar 2?
Cyclothymic?
Biological factors? hormones
Characterized by both depression and maniac
Manic episode: abnormal episodes of elevated mood lasting at least one week
Bipolar 1: manic episodes, with or without depressive episodes
Bipolar 2: hypomania with at least one major depressive episode
Cyclothymic: hypomanic and dysthymia (depression not that severe)
Biological factors: high levels of norepinephrine and serotonin (highly heritable)
Agoraphobia
OCD, what is obsessive what is compulsive
fear of being in places that might be hard to scape. fear of leaving the house and have a panic attack
Obsessive: persistent intrusive thoughts and impulses
compulsions: repetitive tasks
PTSD
Intrusion symptoms
Avoidance symptoms
Arousal symptoms
Negative cognitive symptoms
Intrusion symptoms: reliving of the event i.e flashbacks, nightmares
Avoidance symptoms: attempts to avoid thing related to it
Arousal symptoms: anxiety, reckless behavior, irritability
Negative cognitive symptoms: inability to recall features of event. feel sad and negative
Dissociative disordes
Dissociative Amnesia?
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
Dissociative Amnesia: inability to recall past experiences usually for traumatic events
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): 2 or more personalities that take control of a person’s behavior.
Cluster A: (odd, eccentric)
- Paranoid
- Schizotypal
- Schizoid
- Paranoid: suspicion of others and things
- Schizotypal: Magical thinking, eccentricity
- Schizoid: Detachment from social relationships
Cluster B: ( Dramatic Emotional )
- Antisocial
- borderline (what is splitting)
- Histrionic
- Narcissistic
- Antisocial: Involves a disregard for the rights and feelings of others
- borderline: Instability in relationships, mood, and self-image. Splitting (ppl either all good or all bad)
- Histrionic: Involves constant attention-seeking behavior
- Narcissistic: involves a grandiose sense of self0importance and need for admiration
Cluster C (anxious, fearful)
- Avoidant
- Dependent
- Obsessive-Compulsive
- Avoidant: shyness and fear of rejection
- Dependent: need for reassurance
- Obsessive-Compulsive: perfectionism, rules, inflexibility
- Somatic Symptom Disorder
- Illness anxiety disorder
- Conversion Disorder
- Somatic Symptom Disorder: having some symptoms i.e pain, fatigue which may not be linking to a condition and overstressing about them
- Illness anxiety disorder: Concerned about having a disease frequently
- Conversion Disorder: experiencing a symptom without any physiological evidence. i.e being blind after her son died
Korsakoff’s syndrome, confabulation with alcohol?
confabulation is the alteracion of a memory without the intension to decieve
