CH6 Identity and personality Flashcards
Locus of control
external vs internal locus of control
the way we chracterize the influences in our lives
external” my shoes didnt fit
internal: i ran too slow
Learned helpness
occurs after a person has experienced a stressful situation repeatedly. They come to believe that they are unable to control or change the situation
freud’s stages of psychosexual development
and fixations
oral: obsessive eating, smoking, alcoholism
Anal: OCD, anxiety
phallic: difficulty with intimate relations
latency: none
Genital: if all were completed, normal sexual maturation. if not, low sexual interest
Erickson Stages of psychosocial develpment
kohlberg moral development
Psychoanalytic theory of personality
ID?
Superego?
Ego?
ID: unconscious part, the urges of survival and reproduction. short term gratification
Ego: unconscious and conscious. Perception, though, and judgments (long term gratification)
Superego: moral compass, idealist and perfectionist
Carl Jung psychoanalytic theory
Collective unconsious, Archetypes?
Collective unconscious: ancestral memory and experience that is common to all humankind
Archetypes: Images of common experiences that produce an emotional element
Humanistic theory of personality.
- Maslow’s pyramid
- Rogers
Humans have free will. Focuses on conscious and strive towards happiness and self-realization
Rogers: Growth through positivity and acceptance of others. Punishing your child but still love them to who they are. (unconditional positive regard)
Biological theory of personality
inherited/genes (proved from identical twins studies)
Behavioral Theory of Personality
- Skinner
- Pavlov
personality result behavior previously learned and with its rewards and punishments (environment)
- Skinner: Operant conditioning
- Pavlov: Classical conditioning
Trait Theory of Personality
- Gordon Allport (Cardinal, Central, Secondary)
- Eysenck: Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism (PEN)
- The big five: (OCEAN)
Identifiable patterns of behavior. Describes traits (does not explain why)
- Gordon Allport: All of us have different traits
Cardinal: Dominant, overall. Central: Major characteristics of the personality (shininess, honesty). Secondary: personal preferences or attitudes (linking art,music etc)
- Eysenck: we all display PEN but at different degrees. Psychoticism: Aggressiveness and interpersonal hostility. Extraversion: social interaction Neurotism: Emotional Stability
- The big 5: Openness, Consciousness, extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism
Social Cognitive Theory
Alber Bandura
Learn through observation
Self-Concept Practice Question
Gender identity. Androgyny, undifferentiated
Let Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development
Children are unable to perform tasks by themselves but can do it with the help or the company of an adult
Carl Jungs Archetypes question
shadow: unpleasant thoughts and feelings (dark side)
