ch.7

Question 1

sense of community

Answer 1

The feeling of close connection and shared purpose that unites the person with others in the group.

Question 2

culture

Answer 2

A relatively stable system of shared norms, beliefs, values, and behaviours that is passed along across generations.

Question 3

Ethnocentrism

Answer 3

the tendency to see the world from the standpoint of one’s own cultural values and assumptions.

Question 4

Cross-cultural research

Answer 4

Research that involves comparing how the same process or phenomenon is expressed or experienced by people from different cultural groups.

Question 5

individualism vs collectivism

Answer 5

A worldview that focuses on the uniqueness and independence of autonomous individuals and stresses the importance of personal rights, goals, and needs.

vs

A worldview that focuses on the connectedness of the person to the family or group and stresses the importance of upholding the goals, norms, and beliefs of the group.

Question 6

socialization vs Enculturation

Answer 6

The process through which children acquire the attitudes, beliefs, behaviours, and skills that their parents and culture consider appropriate.

vs

The process by which children and adolescents acquire the attitudes, beliefs, and psychological aspects of their culture.

Question 7

Ethnocultural group

Answer 7

A group of people who share characteristics such as race, religion, national origin, linguistic background, cultural heritage, and customs.

Question 8

assimilation

Answer 8

A process in which members of an ethnocultural minority renounce their culture of origin and identify with the majority culture.

Question 9

marginalization

Answer 9

A process in which members of an ethnocultural minority reject both their culture of origin and the majority culture

Question 10

separation

Answer 10

A process in which members of an ethnocultural minority reject both their culture of origin and the majority culture

Question 11

integration

Answer 11

A process in which members of an ethnocultural minority retain their identification with their culture of origin while also identifying with the majority culture.

Question 12

bicultural

Answer 12

A term for adolescents who have successfully integrated their identifications with both their culture of origin and the majority culture.

Question 13

Uses and gratifications

Answer 13

An approach to understanding how adolescents choose which media to attend to and what they get from their choices.

Question 14

What is the definition of “sense of community” and why is it important?

Answer 14

Sense of community” refers to the feeling of closeness and shared purpose that unites an individual with others in a group. It’s important because it fosters mutual support, enhances mental and physical health, and promotes social harmony.

Question 15

Why are community organizations important in building a sense of community?

Answer 15

Community organizations play a critical role in strengthening the sense of community by providing a platform for social interaction, supporting cross-generational collaboration, and promoting active participation in community life.

Question 16

What is culture and why is it significant?

Answer 16

Culture is a relatively stable system of shared norms, beliefs, values, and behaviors passed across generations. It shapes individuals’ worldviews, influences behavior, and helps maintain social order by providing a common framework for understanding social interactions.

Question 17

What is ethnocentrism and how does it affect perceptions of culture

Answer 17

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view the world from the perspective of one’s own culture, often considering it superior to others. It can lead to misunderstandings and prejudices against those from different cultural backgrounds.

Question 18

How do valued behaviors and traits differ across cultures?

Answer 18

Cultures value different behaviors and traits based on their underlying principles, such as individualism or collectivism. For example, Western cultures often value independence and self-expression, while Eastern cultures may prioritize community and harmony.

Question 19

How is cultural knowledge transmitted across generations?

Answer 19

Cultural transmission occurs through socialization and enculturation, where individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and behaviors that are considered appropriate within their culture through family, education, media, and other societal institutions

Question 20

Define social class and its importance in society.

Answer 20

Social class, or socioeconomic status, is a measure of one’s ranking within a society based on factors like wealth, education, and occupation. It’s important as it influences life opportunities, access to resources, and social interactions.

Question 21

Suggest an online discussion activity to explore the impact of social class on adolescent development.

Answer 21

An activity could involve students participating in a forum where they share experiences and observations about how social class has affected their educational opportunities, social interactions, and access to community resources.

Question 22

What is the definition of “sense of community” and why is it important?

Answer 22

Sense of community” refers to the feeling of closeness and shared purpose that unites an individual with others in a group. It’s important because it fosters mutual support, enhances mental and physical health, and promotes social harmony.

Question 23

Why are community organizations important in building a sense of community?

Answer 23

Community organizations play a critical role in strengthening the sense of community by providing a platform for social interaction, supporting cross-generational collaboration, and promoting active participation in community life.

Question 24

What is culture and why is it significant?

Answer 24

Culture is a relatively stable system of shared norms, beliefs, values, and behaviors passed across generations. It shapes individuals’ worldviews, influences behavior, and helps maintain social order by providing a common framework for understanding social interactions.

Question 25

What is ethnocentrism and how does it affect perceptions of culture?

Answer 25

Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view the world from the perspective of one’s own culture, often considering it superior to others. It can lead to misunderstandings and prejudices against those from different cultural backgrounds.

Question 26

How do valued behaviors and traits differ across cultures?

Answer 26

Cultures value different behaviors and traits based on their underlying principles, such as individualism or collectivism. For example, Western cultures often value independence and self-expression, while Eastern cultures may prioritize community and harmony.

Question 27

How is cultural knowledge transmitted across generations?

Answer 27

Cultural transmission occurs through socialization and enculturation, where individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and behaviors that are considered appropriate within their culture through family, education, media, and other societal institutions.

Question 28

Define social class and its importance in society.

Answer 28

Social class, or socioeconomic status, is a measure of one’s ranking within a society based on factors like wealth, education, and occupation. It’s important as it influences life opportunities, access to resources, and social interactions.