Ch.6.1

Question 1

________________ is all around us.

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

All matter has two properties:

• it has ________________
• it ________________ ________________ ________________

Answer 2

mass

takes up space

Question 3

However, there are things which are not matter, eg ________________. These things ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ and ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________.

Answer 3

light

do not have mass, do not take up space

Question 4

Three people in history have thought of the question of ________________ ________________ __________ _______________ ________ ________:

• ________________________
• ________________ ________________
• ________________ ________________

Answer 4

what matter is made up of
Democritus
Robert Brown
Albert Einstein

Question 5

Democritus’s idea:

• ________________ BC
• He suggested that if matter was ________________ ________________ ________________ and ________________ pieces, at some point, we would get very ________________ pieces that ________________ ________________ ____________ ________________ ________________.
• these tiny pieces are called ________________
• they are the ________________ ________________ of ________________
• however his idea _____________ _____________ ________________ in his time as there was ____________ ________________ to ________________ it

Answer 5

400, divided into smaller, smaller, tiny, could not be further divided, particles, building blocks, matter, was not accepted, no evidence, support

Question 6

Robert Brown’s discovery:

• ________________ (time)
• In an experiment, Brown found that ________________ ________________move ________________ on their own in ________________ ________________
• Brown didn’t know what caused them to move, and that his discovery would turn out to be ________________ ______ ______________ _________ ________________ __________ ________________
• the motion of them was later called ________________ ________________

Answer 6

1827
pollen grains, randomly, still water
evidence to support the idea of particles, Brownian motion

Question 7

Albert Einstein’s explanation

• ________________ (time)
• Einstein explained the Brownian motion of the pollen grains in water as follows:
• water is ________________ ________________ ________ ____________ ________________ ________________
• the ________________ ________________ are ________________ ________________ than the pollen grains and they are ________________ ___________ _________________ ________________
• they ________________ the pollen grains in ________________ ________________ from time to time
• therefore, the pollen grains are ________________ ________________ in ________________ ________________

Answer 7

1905
made up of very small particles, water particles, much smaller, moving in different directions
hit, different directions
moving randomly, zigzag paths

Question 8

Besides Brownian motion, scientist have done ________________ ________________ and found a lot of ________________ to support the idea of ________________. They have summarised the idea into the ________________ ________________.

Answer 8

many experiments, evidence, particles, particle theory

Question 9

Particle theory:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Answer 9

1. All matter is made up of particles
2. Particles are very small
3. Different matter is made up of different particles
4. Different particles have different sizes and masses
5. Particles are moving all the time
6. There are empty spaces between particles

Question 10

Particles are _________ ___________ _________________ to be seen with the _________________ ___________, or even with a _________________ _____________________. They are far _________________ than cells.

Answer 10

far too small, naked eye, light microscope, smaller

Question 11

You can see the particles of a leaf after zooming in on it for _________________ times.

Answer 11

400000

Question 12

We can _________________ _________________ that provide _________________ to support the particle theory.

Answer 12

conduct experiments, evidence

Question 13

Two experiments conducted to prove the particle theory:

Answer 13

Can you smell the perfume contained in a balloon?

Does the total volume change when water and alcohol are mixed?

Question 14

Can you smell the perfume contained in a balloon proves:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 14

All matter is made up of particles
Particles are very small
There are empty spaces between particles
Particles are moving all the time

Question 15

Does the total volume change when water and alcohol are mixed? Proves:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Answer 15

All matter is made up of particles
There are empty spaces between particles
Different matter is made up of different particles
Different particles have different sizes and masses

Question 16

Today, the particle theory is _________________ _________________ and can be used to _________________ many _________________ ___________ _________________ and ___________________ in daily life.

Answer 16

widely accepted, explain, properties of matter, phenomena

Question 17

Atoms are the _________________ _________________ of particles _______________ ____________ _________________. There are more than _________________ kinds of atoms.

Answer 17

basic types, making up matter, 100

Question 18

Some substances are made up of _________________ ____________ _______________ _____________ ______________, for example gold and iron.

Answer 18

only one kind of atom

Question 19

Some substances are made up of _________________—a _________________ consists of _______________ __________ _________________ _________________ _________________ __________________.

Answer 19

molecules, molecule, two or more atoms joined together

Question 20

Some molecules consist of the _________________ _________________ _____________ _________________. Eg an oxygen molecule consists of _________________ _________________ _________________.

Answer 20

same kind of atom, two oxygen atoms

Question 21

Some molecules consist of _________________ _________________ ____________ _________________. Eg a water molecule consists of _________________ _________________ _________________ and _________________ _________________ _________________.

Answer 21

different kinds of atoms, two hydrogen atoms, one oxygen atom

Question 22

_________________ and _________________ are two different types of _________________ making up substances.

Answer 22

Atoms, molecules, particles

Question 23

Particles of _________________ _________________ have _____________________ _____________ and ______________.

Answer 23

different substances, different sizes, masses

Question 24

Each molecule has its own _________________ _________________. It shows the _________________ and the _________________of the atoms that the molecule consists of.

Answer 24

chemical formula, types, numbers