Ch.4.4 Flashcards
Parents have __________________ in taking care of their children, starting from the __________________ period.
Responsibilities
Pregnancy
If a sperm __________________________________________________________________________________________, the woman becomes __________________.
Successfully fertilises an ovum and implantation occurs
Pregnant
Signs of pregnancy:
- __________________ of __________________
- __________________ __________________
- N_________________
- __________________ __________________
- __________________ __________________ easily
- C_________________
Absence of menstruation Swollen breasts Nausea Frequent urination Feeling tired Constipation
A pregnant woman should:
- not ___________ ______________ __________________ a __________________ __________________
- not __________________
- not __________________ __________________
- ___________________ a __________________ _____________
- have __________________ __________________ __________________
- __________________ regularly
Take drugs without a doctor’s approval Smoke Drink alcohol Maintain a balanced diet Regular health check-ups Exercise
The length of pregnancy in mammals usually __________________ _____________ the __________________ of the __________________.
Increase with the size of the mammal
When a woman is having a baby, her body will show __________________ _____________ __________________.
She should __________________ __________________ __________________ to __________________ __________________.
Signs of pregnancy
take extra care to maintain health
__________________ is essential for the __________________ __________________ of babies.
Parenting
Healthy, growth
Parents need to provide their baby with _____________ __________________ such as food, clothing and shelter
- __________________the baby
- __________________ __________________ for the baby
Daily necessities
Feed
Changing nappies
Parents also need to __________________ the baby and __________________ the baby __________________ __________________ __________________.
- __________________ the baby to __________________
- __________________ the baby to __________________
Guide, teach, different basic skills
Teaching, walk
Teaching, talk
Besides humans, many other animals also __________________, __________________ and ______________ ________________ their babies.
Feed, protect, look after
Married couples should ____________ _________________ before having __________________.
They have to decide on the __________________ of __________________ they want and __________________ to __________________ __________________.
This is called __________________ __________________.
Plan carefully, having babies, number of children, when to have children
Family planning
Family planning helps married couples make sure that they can give each other enough __________________ and __________________.
Strength, love
Preventing the _____________ _____ _____ ____________ and _______ ___________ is one of the __________________ __________________ of __________________ __________________.
- preventing __________________ ___________ __________________ _____________ _________ __________________
- preventing __________________
Fusion of the sperm, the ovum, basic principles, birth control
Sperms from reaching the ovum
Ovulation
Married couples may practise __________________ __________________ to avoid __________________.
Birth control, pregnancy
Birth control method: condom
What does it do: _________________________________________________________________________________________________________
How it works:
-_________________ condom:
-it is _____________________________________________________________________________ so that ________________________________________________
-_____________________ condom:
-it is ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Condom
Acts as a barrier to prevent sperms from reaching the ovum
Male, rolled over the erect penis of the husband before intercourses so that semen is trapped
Female, placed inside the vagina of the wife before intercourse to catch semen
Birth control method: diaphragm
What does it do: _____________________________________________________
How it works: it is _______________________________________________________ so that ____________________________________
acts as a barrier to prevent sperms from reaching the ovum
placed at the opening of the uterus of the wife, sperms cannot enter the uterus
Birth control method: rhythm method
What does it do/ what happens: __________________________________________________
How does it work: it is ______________________________________________________________, so that_________________________________________________________
a natural method without using birth control devices
it is to avoid having sexual intercourse around the days when ovulation occurs, so that the sperms have not chance of meeting the ovum
Is the rhythm method 100% effective? Why?
It is because the timing of a woman’s menstrual cycle is hard to predict.
Birth control method: sterilisation
What happens: ____________________________________________________
How does it work:
-______________ sterilisation
-the ____________________________________ so that _________________________________________
-_______________ sterilisation
-the _____________________________ so as to ________________________________________________________
A surgery is done to permanently prevent pregnancy
Male, sperm ducts are tied and cut, sperms cannot be passed out of the body
Female, oviducts are tied and cut, prevent the ova from passing down the oviducts
Birth control method: birth control pills
What does it do: __________________________________________________
How it works: ____________________________________________________________________
stops ovulation by using sex hormones
these are taken by the wife regularly according to a doctor’s instructions
Birth control methods: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Condom, diaphragm, rhythm method, sterilisation, birth control pills
Married couples should decide _____________________________________ and ____________________________________. This is called ________________ ________________.
how many children they want, when to have them, family planning
-
Preventing sperms from reaching the ovum
Preventing ovulation
___________________________________________ (STDs) are _______________ _____________ that can be passed from one person to another through ____________________ __________________. Some ______________ ______________ ______________ can help prevent the transmission of STDs.
Sexually transmitted diseases, infectious diseases, sexual contact, birth control methods
