Ch.6 Flashcards
what does a light microscope do?
shines a visible light through the specimen
What is a scanning electron microscope? (SEM)
It uses a beam of electrons to show a 3D image
What is a transmission electron microscope? (TEM)
uses a beam of electrons to show the inside of the specimen
What is cell fractionation?
isolating organelles through homogenization (the spinny thingy)
Name the characteristics of prokaryotic cells.
no nucleus, DNA is in an unbound region called nucleoid, lack of membrane-bound organelles
Name the characteristics of eukaryotic cells.
DNA in a nucleus surrounded by nuclear envelope, membrane-bound organelles
Why are cells so small?
The cell needs the surface area to be able to provide the volume with nutrients and let out toxins this can not happen if there is not enough surface area to support the cell.
Explain the Plasma membrane.
it is made up of a phospholipid bilayer (heads are hydrophilic and tails are hydrophobic which allows it to interact.
What do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?
Plant cells have a large vacuole in the middle to store water and also contain chloroplasts as well as a cell wall and a plasmodesmata.
what does the nuclear envelope do?
it enclosed the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm.
what are ribosomes made up of and what is it’s function
made of rRNA and protein. they make proteins
what’s the difference between bound and free ribosomes?
bound ribosomes are attached to the ER or nuclear envelope whereas free ribosomes are in the cytosol
What is part of the endomembrane system?
Nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and the plasma membrane.
what does the smooth ER do?
it synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbs, stores calcium, and detoxifies poison
what does the rough ER do?
contains bound ribosomes which produce proteins
