Ch.5 Microbial Metabolism Flashcards
what is an organisms metabolism?
sum total of all its’ chemical reactions
what is a exergonic chemical reaction?
energy-releasing
what is a energy requiring chemical reaction?
endergonic
what is ATP hydrolysis?
energy releasing
what is ATP formation?
energy requiring
what does this chemical formula represent?
ATP + H2O—-> ADP + Pi +H
energy-releasing
what does this chemical reaction represent ?
ADP + Pi+ H——->ATP + H2O
energy-requring
what does coupling energy require processes?
anabolism
what is energy releasing processes?
catabolism
what is this an example of glucose->CO2 + H2On(cellular respiration) ?
catabolism
what is this an example of amino acids -> proteins?
anabolism
how does glycolysis and cellular respiration capture energy ?
via electrons (as H atoms)
where does glycolysis and cellular respiration transport electrons to ?
electron carriers
what does catabolic pathways yield energy though?
redox reaction
in the formula:
C6H12O6 + 6O2——-> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
what is oxidized and what is reduced?
Reduced:
6O2——-> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Oxidized:
C6H12O6 + 6O2——-> 6CO2
what is oxidation?
the loss of electrons
what is reduction?
the gain of electrons
Energy released by redox reactions are captured to form ATP via what?
phosphorylation of ADP
what do oxidative phosphorylation (RESPIRATION) and Photophorylation (PHOTOSYNTHESIS) require?
electron transfer chain and utilizes a process of chemosis
what is phosphorylation driven by?
light
what employs electron transfer & terminal electron acceptor?
respiration
what is respiration aerobic with ?
with oxygen as terminal acceptor
what is respiration anaerobic with?
with NO3- or other terminal acceptor
is fermentation anaerobic or aerobic?
anaerobic
what is the incomplete oxidation of carbohydrate?
fermenation
what are the stages of respiration?
1.glycolysis
2.Acetyl-CoA formation
3.Kerbs cycle
4.Electron transport
what is the first stage in carbohydrate catabolism?
pyruvic acid
what is glycolysis(eden-meyerhof pathway) shared among?
prokaryotes and eukaryotes
what pathway is found in certain gram-negative bacteria?
Enter-Doudoroff pathway
what is the sugar acids catabolism pathway?
Enter-Doudoroff
what produces pentose sugars?
pentose-phosphate shunt
The pentose-phosphate shunt is used for biosynthesis of what?
-aromatic amino acids
-nucleotides
-can also form pyruvate
what cycle finalizes glucose oxidation ?
kerbs cycle
what is the result per acetyl-CoA oxidation in kerbs cycle ?
3 NADH
1 FADH2
1 ATP
what is the result per glucose oxidized in Kerbs cycle?
6 NADH
2 FADH2
2 ATP
what are autotrophs?
make their own food
what uses only photosynthesis I?
Green sulfur bacteria (chlorobium)
what does purple non-sulfur bacteria (rhodospirillium) use?
photosynthesis II and cyclic photophosphorylation
what does the Calvin benson cycle convert?
converts CO2 into sugars
does light independent reactions directly require light?
no it does not directly require light
The false statement is…
A. Energy is required to produce ATPs.
B. Generally the food that you eat will ultimately become oxidized by the cells in your body.
C. There are reactions in your body that do not require air(oxygen).
D. You ate a doughnut this morning. Your body generally sees this as a source of electrons.
E. ATPs can be used to provide energy for cellular processes.
F. The oxygen you inhale is converted to water.
G. None of A – F is false.
G. None of A – F is false.
Catabolic processes such as cellular respiration release energy.
Based on the information below, you can assume the energy
released from catabolism could be used for the purpose of
forming ATPs.
ATP Hydrolysis: ATP+ H2O——>Pi + H energy releasing
ATP Formation: ADP + Pi + H —–> ATP +H2O energy requring
A. Yes, that assumption is correct.
B. No, that assumption is false.
no its false
An anabolic process is one that could also be linked to ATP formation.
A. True B. False
false
Chemical “X” has been oxidized by
chemical “Z”; this means that
A. Oxygen has been added to “X”
B. “Z” has lost electrons
C. “Z” has become reduced
D. “X” has gained electrons
E. Two of the above are correct
F. Three of the above are correct
B. “Z” has lost electrons
D. “X” has gained electrons
The reaction for cellular respiration:
Which molecule is oxidized?
Which molecule is reduced? A, B, C, or D
C6H12O6 + 6O2——-> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
C6H12O6=A
6O2=B
6CO2=C
6H2O=D
1.A & C
2.B & D
Which is correct regarding this redox reaction?
A. Pyruvate is oxidized and NADH is oxidized
B. Pyruvate is reduced and NADH is oxidized
C. Pyruvate is oxidized and NADH is reduced
D. Pyruvate is reduced and Lactate is oxidized
This is not a requirement for some types of
respiration
A. A membrane.
B. Oxygen
C. An electron transport system
D. A proton motive force
E. ATP synthase (ATPase)
F. An electron donor
G. All are required for all types of respiration
B
