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Vascular I & Physics I > Ch.3 Physics > Flashcards

Ch.3 Physics Flashcards

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1
Q

Hz is per

A

second

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2
Q

Period has an inverse/reciprocal relationship with

A

frequency

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3
Q

Describes features of a sound wave

A

parameters

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4
Q

Time it takes a wave to vibrate in a single cycle

A

period

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5
Q

Units for period

A

time

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6
Q

Period is determined by

A

sound source

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7
Q

Is period adjustable

A

no

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8
Q

What is the source of a sound wave

A

ultrasound system and transducer

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9
Q

Number of particular events that occur in a specific duration of time

A

Frequency

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10
Q

Frequency is reported in

A

units per second, hertz

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11
Q

Typical value for frequency

A

2-15 MHz

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12
Q

Frequency is determined by

A

sound source

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13
Q

Is frequency adjustable

A

no

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14
Q

Frequency of infrasound

A

less than 20 Hz

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15
Q

Frequency of audible sound

A

between 20Hz and 20Khz

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16
Q

Frequency of ultrasound

A

greater than 20 KHz

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17
Q

What is the relationship between frequency and period

A

inversely related/reciprocal

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18
Q

Period x Frequency=

A

1

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19
Q

Which parameters are the “bigness” parameters

A

amplitude power intensity

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20
Q

Difference between maximum value and average or undisturbed value of an acoustic variable

A

amplitude

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21
Q

amplitude units

A

acoustic variables: pressure, density, distance

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22
Q

Amplitude is determined by the

A

sound source

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23
Q

Is amplitude adjustable

A

yes

24
Q

Measured from middle value to the max value

A

amplitude

25
Q

Difference between max and min values of an acoustic variable

A

peak-to-peak amplitude

26
Q

Rate of energy transfer or which work is performed

A

power

27
Q

Units of power

A

watts

28
Q

Initial power is determined by

A

sound source

29
Q

Is power adjustable

A

yes

30
Q

Equation for relation between amplitude and power

A

power (proportional to) amplitude^2

31
Q

As power increases, amplitude

A

increases

32
Q

Concentration of energy in a sound beam

A

Intensity

33
Q

Intensity units

A

watts/cm^2 (power and area)

34
Q

Intensity is determined by

A

sound source

35
Q

Is intensity adjustable

A

yes

36
Q

Equation for intensity

A

Intensity=(power/area) w/cm^2

37
Q

Intensity is _____ to power

A

directly proportional

38
Q

Intensity is ____ to amplitude ______

A

directly, squared

39
Q

Distance or length of one complete cycle

A

wavelength

40
Q

wavelength units of

A

length

41
Q

In clinical imaging, wavelength is soft tissue ranges from

A

0.1 to 0.8 mm

42
Q

Wavelength is determined by

A

sound source and medium

43
Q

Is wavelength adjustable

A

no

44
Q

Wavelength refers to _____ as period refers to ____

A

length, time

45
Q

Wavelength and frequency are _____ related

A

inversely

46
Q

Wavelength equation

A

wavelength (mm)=(1.54mm/microsec) / Frequency MHz

47
Q

Rate at which a sound wave travels through a medium

A

propagation speed

48
Q

Speed is units of

A

any distance divided by time (m/sec)

49
Q

Speed is determined by

A

medium

50
Q

Is speed adjustable

A

no

51
Q

What is the speed of sound in soft tissue

A

1540 m/sec

52
Q

Sound travels ______ in solids, ____ in liquids and ____ in gases.

A

fastest, slower, slowest

53
Q

What 2 characteristics of a medium affect the speed of sound

A

stiffness and density

54
Q

Describes the ability of an object to resist compression

A

stiffness

55
Q

Describes the relative weight of a material

A

Density

56
Q

How does stiffness affect speed

A

directly related

57
Q

How does density affect speed

A

inversely related

Vascular I & Physics I (19 decks)

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