Ch 4 Vascular Anatomy

Question 1

What are the 3 layers of a vessel

Answer 1

tunica intima
tunica media
tunica adventitia

Question 2

What does the tunica intima consist of

Answer 2

endothelial cell lining with connective tissue beneath

Question 3

What is the thickest component of the vessel wall

Answer 3

tunica media

Question 4

What is the tunica media composed of

Answer 4

smooth muscle and varying amounts of elastic fibers and collagen

Question 5

What is the tunica adventitia composed of

Answer 5

connective tissue
nerve fibers
small capillaries

Question 6

What are arterioles called and why

Answer 6

“stopcocks” because the circular smooth muscle layers control contraction and resistance

Question 7

What are the small and medium sized arteries

Answer 7

all except aorta and major branches

Question 8

What diameter are small to medium arteries and what are the composed of

Answer 8

4mm

smooth muscle layers

Question 9

what are large arteries composed of

Answer 9

less smooth muscle which makes them elastic

Question 10

What are the differences between the vein and artery layers

Answer 10

veins are not as muscular
veins walls are thinner
veins have more elastic fiber and collagen
vein thickness depends on region of body

Question 11

what are venules mainly composed of

Answer 11

connective tissue

Question 12

what are small to medium sized veins

Answer 12

all veins except portal vein, vena cava and their main branches

Question 13

what is the diameter of small to medium veins

Answer 13

1-10 mm

Question 14

what are the large veins

Answer 14

portal vein
SVC
IVC and main branches

Question 15

What region of the body will veins be thinner and why

Answer 15

proximal to the heart because of the heart’s contraction

Question 16

What is unique about veins

Answer 16

they have a bicuspid valve with two leaflets that prevent backflow of blood

Question 17

Where are these veins with valves located

Answer 17

lower extremity

Question 18

What is the smallest vessel in the body

Answer 18

capillaries

Question 19

What are capillary walls composed of

Answer 19

layer of endothelial cells

Question 20

What happens in the capillary

Answer 20

waste, CO2, nutrient exchange

Question 21

Which carotid artery rises directly from the aorta

Answer 21

left

Question 22

Which carotid originates from brachiocephalic artery

Answer 22

right

Question 23

where does the ICA lay in relation to the ECA

Answer 23

lateral

Question 24

What do ECAs have that ICAs do not

Answer 24

extracranial branches

Question 25

Intra cranial segment consists of what three portions

Answer 25

petrous cavernous cerebral

Question 26

Where does the ECA lay in relation to the ICA

Answer 26

medial

Question 27

What does the ECA normally supply

Answer 27

neck and face

Question 28

What does the ICA normally supply

Answer 28

brain

Question 29

How many branches does the ECA have

Answer 29

8

Question 30

Where do vertebral arteries arise from

Answer 30

subclavian

Question 31

What do vertebral arteries pass through

Answer 31

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

Question 32

Where do the vertebral arteries enter the skull

Answer 32

foramen manum

Question 33

When the vertebral arteries connect, what is this vessel called

Answer 33

basilar artery

Question 34

What forms the circle of willis

Answer 34

branches of ICA and vertebral arteries

Question 35

What does the ICA terminate into

Answer 35

anterior cerebral middle cerebral posterior communicating anterior choroidal

Question 36

What are the anterior cerebral arteries connected through

Answer 36

anterior communicating artery

Question 37

What completes the circle of willis by connecting right and left sides

Answer 37

anterior and posterior communicating arteries

Question 38

Where does the external jugular drain from

Answer 38

cranial cavity, neck and face

Question 39

Where does the external jugular drain into

Answer 39

subclavian

Question 40

Where does the internal jugular drain from

Answer 40

brain

Question 41

How does the internal jugular run in relation to the ICA and CCA

Answer 41

anterolateral

Question 42

The internal jugular unites with _____ to form ______

Answer 42

subclavian vein | brachiocephalic vein

Question 43

At what level do the vertebral veins emerge

Answer 43

6th cervical vertebra

Question 44

What do the vertebral veins empty into

Answer 44

brachiocephalic vein

Question 45

Where does the ascending aorta begin

Answer 45

aortic valve at left ventricle

Question 46

What are the branches of the aortic arch

Answer 46

brachiocephalic left cca left subclavian

Question 47

What does the brachiocephalic divide into

Answer 47

right CCA and right subclavian

Question 48

What does the subclavian artery supply

Answer 48

brain neck thoracic wall shoulder

Question 49

What does the subclavian become at the first rib

Answer 49

axillary artery

Question 50

Where does axillary begin

Answer 50

outer border of first rib

Question 51

Where does the brachial artery begin

Answer 51

axilla

Question 52

What does the brachial artery turn into when it terminates

Answer 52

radial and ulnar arteries

Question 53

What is he largest brachial artery

Answer 53

profunda brachii (deep brachial artery)

Question 54

Which is biger: ulnar or radial

Answer 54

ulnar

Question 55

What side does the ulnar artery course down

Answer 55

pinky/medial side

Question 56

What side does the radial artery course down

Answer 56

thumb/lateral side

Question 57

What veins do not have an artery paired with them

Answer 57

superficial veins

Question 58

what side does the cephalic vein wind around

Answer 58

radial

Question 59

What border of bicep muscle does the cephalic vein continue along

Answer 59

lateral border

Question 60

What does the cephalic vein empty into

Answer 60

axillary vein

Question 61

What side does the basilic vein wind around

Answer 61

ulnar

Question 62

What border of bicep muscle does the cephalic vein continue along

Answer 62

medial border

Question 63

Where does the basilic vein terminate

Answer 63

when it joins the brachial vein to form the axillary vein

Question 64

The cephalic and basilic veins both communicate with

Answer 64

cubital vein

Question 65

Is the axillary vein paired

Answer 65

not usually

Question 66

Where does the axillary begin

Answer 66

junction of brachial and basilic veins

Question 67

subclavian is a continuation of

Answer 67

axillary vein

Question 68

Where does the subclavian begin

Answer 68

past outer border of first rib

Question 69

What forms the brachiocephalic veins

Answer 69

junction of internal jugular and subclavian veins

Question 70

what forms the superior vena cava

Answer 70

junction of the two brachiocephalic veins

Question 71

where does the abdominal aorta begin

Answer 71

level of the 12th thoracic vertebra

Question 72

what does the celiac artery give rise to

Answer 72

hepatic, splenic and left gastric arteries

Question 73

what does the SMA supply

Answer 73

small intestine and some of the large intestine

Question 74

what does the IMA supply

Answer 74

large intestine

Question 75

which renal vein is longer and slightly higher

Answer 75

right

Question 76

what vessel courses posterior to the IVC

Answer 76

right renal artery

Question 77

where are the testicular and ovarian arteries located

Answer 77

anterolateral on aorta and and below renal arteries

Question 78

where does the aorta terminate

Answer 78

4th lumbar vertebra

Question 79

what are internal arteries also called and what do they supply

Answer 79

hypogastric arteries | pelvic organs

Question 80

what do the external iliac arteries supply and what do they become

Answer 80

lower extremities | common femoral artery

Question 81

where does the external iliac artery become the common femoral artery

Answer 81

at the inguinal ligament

Question 82

left common iliac vein passes where

Answer 82

beneath right common iliac artery at the level of bifurcation

Question 83

where does IVC lay in relation to the aorta

Answer 83

to the right

Question 84

what vessel carries oxygenated blood into the liver

Answer 84

hepatic artery

Question 85

which vessel carries the most blood into the liver

Answer 85

portal vein

Question 86

what junction forms the portal vein

Answer 86

splenic and SMV

Question 87

what do the hepatic veins empty into

Answer 87

IVC

Question 88

common femoral artery is a continuation of what

Answer 88

external iliac artery below the inguinal ligament

Question 89

what does the common femoral artery divide into

Answer 89

superficial femoral and profunda femoris arteries

Question 90

what is another name for profunda femoris artery

Answer 90

deep femoral artery

Question 91

how does the deep femoral artery run in relation to the superficial femoral artery

Answer 91

posterior and lateral

Question 92

what does the superficial femoral artery pass through

Answer 92

adductor cana

Question 93

what does the SFA become

Answer 93

popliteal artery

Question 94

where does the popliteal course

Answer 94

behind knee in popliteal fossa

Question 95

where does the popliteal artery terminate

Answer 95

anterior tibial, posterior tibial and peroneal arteries

Question 96

where does the anterior tibial artery pass through

Answer 96

interosseous membrane

Question 97

where is the peroneal artery located and where does it descend

Answer 97

deep within the leg and medial aspect of fibula

Question 98

where is the tibia located in realtion to fibula

Answer 98

medial

Question 99

where does the GSV begin

Answer 99

dorsal venous arch

Question 100

what is the longest vein in the body

Answer 100

great saphenous vein

Question 101

what does the GSV terminate into

Answer 101

common femoral vein

Question 102

where does the small saphenous vein begin

Answer 102

as a continuation of the lateral segment of the dorsal venous arch

Question 103

what may the SSV continue as

Answer 103

above the knee as the vein of Giacomini

Question 104

where does the deep venous system begin

Answer 104

deep plantar arch

Question 105

where does the common femoral vein begin

Answer 105

confluence of the demoral andprofunda femoris veins

Question 106

where does the common femoral vein lie in relation to the common femoral artery

Answer 106

medial

Question 107

what vessels are almost always lateral

Answer 107

arteries

Question 108

? + ? = Axillary v

Answer 108

basilic v + brachial (B+B=A)

Question 109

? + ? = Subclavian V

Answer 109

axillary v + cephalic v (A+C=B)

Question 110

? + ? = brachial v

Answer 110

radial v + ulnar v (R+U=B)

Question 111

? + ? = brachiocephalic v

Answer 111

IJV + subclavian v

Question 112

? + ? = SVC

Answer 112

right + left brachiocephalic