Ch. 12 Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

Signs and symptoms of acute arterial insufficiency (5 Ps)

A

pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia, pain

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2
Q

Patient position for lower extremity arteries

A

supine

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3
Q

Scanning technique of SFA, the SFA becomes ______ as it passes through the _____

A

popliteal artery, adductor canal

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4
Q

Vascular surgeons find it helful to have the

A

tibial and pedal branches evaluated

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5
Q

Evaluating the tibial and pedal branches may include

A

tarsal branch, maleolar branch, deep planter branch

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6
Q

Care must be taken to not compress the vessels, especially in distal segments EXCEPT

A

peroneal artery

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7
Q

Why is the peroneal artery not a concern for compression

A

depth

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8
Q

Use of _____ frequency may be needed at what 3 areas

A

lower / tibioperoneal, prox origin peroneal and posterior arteries, SFA at hunter’s canal (DISTAL)

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9
Q

Ultrasound findings most helpful in selecting _____ site are ____ and ______

A

anastomotic, vessel wall thickness and degree of calcification

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10
Q

What is useful in low flow states of vessel occlusion

A

power doppler

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11
Q

What 4 adjustments should you make for low flow states

A

decrease PRF, decrease wall filter, increase sensitivity, increase persistence

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12
Q

What is the lowest velocity that ultrasound can detect with proper machine adjustments

A

2 cm/sec

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13
Q

What is used as a primary tool to categorize disease

A

spectral doppler

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14
Q

What is recorded with spectral doppler in all major vessels

A

PSV

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15
Q

Doppler waveform taken ____ to a stenosis, documenting ________

A

distal, post stenotic turbulence

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16
Q

What is the most common pitfall

A

calcified vessels

17
Q

When diagnosing w/ grayscale findings, _____ is present if the _____ of a vessel is ____ greater than the adjacent, more _____ segment

A

aneurysms, diameter, 50%, proximal

18
Q

When diagnosing w spectral analysis, _____ velocity ratio ____=_____ stenosis

A

PSV, greater than or equal to 3, greater than or equal to 70%

19
Q

Diagnosis with spectral analysis, in cases of ____ distal _____ what 3 things contribute to that

A

decreased, resistance / trauma, exercise, cellulitis

20
Q

Limitations of arteriography (6 long answers)

A
  1. delineates patent arterial lumen only 2. misses thrombosed popliteal aneurysms 3. fails to visualize outflow and inflow in very low flow situations 4. requires potentially nephrtoxic agents 5. requires use of ionizing radiation 6. delays prompt treatment