Ch. 12 Vascular

Question 1

Signs and symptoms of acute arterial insufficiency (5 Ps)

Answer 1

pallor, pulselessness, paralysis, paresthesia, pain

Question 2

Patient position for lower extremity arteries

Answer 2

supine

Question 3

Scanning technique of SFA, the SFA becomes ______ as it passes through the _____

Answer 3

popliteal artery, adductor canal

Question 4

Vascular surgeons find it helful to have the

Answer 4

tibial and pedal branches evaluated

Question 5

Evaluating the tibial and pedal branches may include

Answer 5

tarsal branch, maleolar branch, deep planter branch

Question 6

Care must be taken to not compress the vessels, especially in distal segments EXCEPT

Answer 6

peroneal artery

Question 7

Why is the peroneal artery not a concern for compression

Answer 7

depth

Question 8

Use of _____ frequency may be needed at what 3 areas

Answer 8

lower / tibioperoneal, prox origin peroneal and posterior arteries, SFA at hunter’s canal (DISTAL)

Question 9

Ultrasound findings most helpful in selecting _____ site are ____ and ______

Answer 9

anastomotic, vessel wall thickness and degree of calcification

Question 10

What is useful in low flow states of vessel occlusion

Answer 10

power doppler

Question 11

What 4 adjustments should you make for low flow states

Answer 11

decrease PRF, decrease wall filter, increase sensitivity, increase persistence

Question 12

What is the lowest velocity that ultrasound can detect with proper machine adjustments

Answer 12

2 cm/sec

Question 13

What is used as a primary tool to categorize disease

Answer 13

spectral doppler

Question 14

What is recorded with spectral doppler in all major vessels

Answer 14

PSV

Question 15

Doppler waveform taken ____ to a stenosis, documenting ________

Answer 15

distal, post stenotic turbulence

Question 16

What is the most common pitfall

Answer 16

calcified vessels

Question 17

When diagnosing w/ grayscale findings, _____ is present if the _____ of a vessel is ____ greater than the adjacent, more _____ segment

Answer 17

aneurysms, diameter, 50%, proximal

Question 18

When diagnosing w spectral analysis, _____ velocity ratio ____=_____ stenosis

Answer 18

PSV, greater than or equal to 3, greater than or equal to 70%

Question 19

Diagnosis with spectral analysis, in cases of ____ distal _____ what 3 things contribute to that

Answer 19

decreased, resistance / trauma, exercise, cellulitis

Question 20

Limitations of arteriography (6 long answers)

Answer 20

1. delineates patent arterial lumen only 2. misses thrombosed popliteal aneurysms 3. fails to visualize outflow and inflow in very low flow situations 4. requires potentially nephrtoxic agents 5. requires use of ionizing radiation 6. delays prompt treatment