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AP Psychology > Ch.3 biology and the Brain > Flashcards

Ch.3 biology and the Brain Flashcards

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1
Q

Nervous System

A

network that communicates and connects everything to the brain

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2
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Includes brain(hind, mid,and fore) and spinal cord

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3
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

communication outside the CNS, communication network

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4
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

bocily functions that happen automatically/involentarly

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5
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

voluntary bodily functions

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6
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

sub section of autonomic, fight or flight

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7
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

sub section of autonomic, rest and digest

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8
Q

Neuron

A

communication cells in the nervous system

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9
Q

Glia

A

cells that clean neurons

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10
Q

Interneurons

A

communicate with other neurons

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11
Q

Sensory Neurons

A

incoming info from senses to brain

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12
Q

Motor Neurons

A

commands from brain to body

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13
Q

Dendrites

A

part of neuron that receives incoming info

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14
Q

Cell Body

A

main body of the cell, also called soma

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15
Q

Axon

A

tail that info travels along

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16
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

waxy covering that protects axon

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17
Q

DCBA

A

path of a signal in a neuron
dendrite
cell
body
axon

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18
Q

Action Potential

A

when a charge/message moves across the axon

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19
Q

Resting Potential

A

when no charge/message id being sent

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20
Q

Refractory Period

A

after a neuron fires it needs time to rest before it can fire again

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21
Q

Terminal Button

A

the end of an axon

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22
Q

Synapse

A

where two neurons all most meet

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23
Q

Synaptic Cleft

A

the small space between two neurons

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24
Q

Presynaptic Neuron

A

neuron that sends the charge

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25
Q

Postsynaptic Neuron

A

neuron that receives the charge

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26
Q

Postsynaptic Potential

A

when a charge is being transferred

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27
Q

Excitatory PSP

A

tells next neuron to fire

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28
Q

Inhibitory PSP

A

tells next neuron not to fire

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29
Q

Neural Impulses

A

brain’s language

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30
Q

Vesicles

A

small bubbles that carry neurotransmitters

31
Q

Receptor Site

A

specific place in neurons for certain neurotransmitters to bind

32
Q

Binding

A

when a neurotransmitter finds a site to attach to

33
Q

Reuptake

A

after binding a neurotransmitter will be re absorbed by the presynaptic neuron

34
Q

Serotonin

A

Sleep, feel good, low levels are correlated with depression

35
Q

Dopamine

A

“feel good” too little = schizophrenia too much = parkinson’s

36
Q

Acetylcholine

A

helps aid in movement

37
Q

Norepinephrine

A

“no friend”= depression

38
Q

Endorphins

A

released with exercise

39
Q

GABA

A

related to anxiety, low GABA = high anxiety

40
Q

CT Scan

A

brain structure, cheap ok picture

41
Q

MRI

A

brain structure, expensive clear picture

42
Q

PET

A

brain function, what part is being used

43
Q

fMRI

A

brain structure and function

44
Q

EEG

A

brain waves

45
Q

Height

A

aka amplitude

46
Q

Wave Length

A

aka frequency

47
Q

Beta Waves

A

type of waves when awake and alert

48
Q

Delta Waves

A

type of waves when in deep, dreamless sleep

49
Q

Agonist

A

acts like/mimics a neurotransmitter

50
Q

Antagonist

A

blocks a neurotransmitter by blocking a receptor site

51
Q

System

A

brain or body parts work together to complete a function

52
Q

Localization of Function

A

individual brain/body parts work alone to compete a function

53
Q

Cerebrum

A

higher thinking, judgement, planning ect.

54
Q

Thalamus

A

all sensory info passes through (except smell)

55
Q

Hypothalamus

A

4 F’s feeding, fighting, fleeing, mating, autonomic nervous system, and endocrine system

56
Q

Endocrine System

A

includes hormones and glands

57
Q

Hormones

A

chemicals in the body that permanently change appearance ot temparaly change mood

58
Q

Glands

A

parts of the body that secrete hormones

59
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

“master gland” located in the brain

60
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

connects and allows the two hemispheres to communicate

61
Q

Cerebellum

A

controls balance

62
Q

Hippocampus

A

in charge of memory

63
Q

Amygdala

A

controls emotions especially anger and fear

64
Q

Pons

A

sleep

65
Q

Medulla

A

breathing

66
Q

Reticular Formation

A

pain perception
muscle reflexes
breathing
sleep

67
Q

Limbic System

A

hippocampus
amygdala
thalamus
hypothalamus

68
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

touch, on top

69
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

movement

70
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

back, sight

71
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

hearing,side

72
Q

Broca’s Area

A

left frontal, important in speaking

73
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

left temporal, important in understanding language

AP Psychology (13 decks)

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