Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 309 > Ch28 Infection Prevention and Control > Flashcards

Ch28 Infection Prevention and Control Flashcards

1
Q

Standard precautions apply to:

A

all patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

disease associated with standard precautions

A

CMV, HIV, Hep B and C, Aspergillosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Standard precautions include doing what (4)

A
  • hand hygiene
  • no artificial nails
  • gloves when coming into contact with bodily fluids
  • no private room
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hand hygiene should be performed:

A

before and after contact with patient
before and after gloving
visibly soiled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When should you only use soap and water and not hand sanitizer

A

visibly soiled

dealing with diarrheal conditions (C. Diff)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What precaution: direct and indirect contact with patients and their environment

A

contact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Conditions associated with contact precautions

A 
Mrs. Wee
multidrug resistant organism (MRSA)
respiratory infection (RSV)
skin infection (shingles)
wound infection (Hep A)
enteric (C. Diff)
eye infection (conjunctivitis)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Precautions for contact (4)

A

hand hygiene
gown
gloves
private room/cohort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What precaution: transmitted by large droplets expelled into the air

A

Droplet precaution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Conditions associated with droplet precautions

A 
SPIDERMAN
sepsis/scarlet fever
pneumonia/pertussis
influenza
diphtheria
epiglottitis
rubella
mumps/meningitis
adenovirus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

droplet precautions: (4)

A

hand hygiene
surgical mask
private room
distancing ~6ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what precaution: transmitted by smaller droplets remain in the air for long periods of time

A

airborne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

conditions associated with airborne

A 
MTVS
measles
TB
Varicella (chicken pocks)
SARS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

precautions for airborne (3)

A

hand hygiene
negative pressure room (6-12 air changes/hour)
N-95 mask

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

caring for a client with a fever (1-4)

A
  • Obtain cultures of body fluids (urine, sputum, or blood)
  • Obtain blood culture specimens to coincide with temperature spikes when the antigen-producing organism is most prevalent
  • Minimize heat production - reduce frequency of activities that increase oxygen demand (excessive turning and ambulating), allow rest, limit physical activity
  • Maximize heat loss - reduce external covering (without causing shivering), keep patient, clothing, and bed linen dry
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

caring for a client with a fever (5-9)

A
  • Satisfy requirements for increased metabolic rate - provide supplemental oxygen as ordered, provide measures to stimulate appetite, provide fluids
  • Promote patient comfort - encourage oral hygiene, control the temperature of the environment (ex. Apply damp cloth to pts forehead)
  • Identify onset and duration of fever (examine previous temperature measurements for trends)
  • Initiate health teaching as indicated
  • Control environmental temperature (70-80 degrees F)
17
Q

Five moments of hand hygiene

A
  1. before toughing patient
  2. before clean/aseptic procedure
  3. after body fluid exposure risk
  4. after touching patient
  5. after touching patient surrounding
18
Q

Chain of infection (6)

A
  1. infectious agent/pathogen
  2. reservoir
  3. portal of exit
  4. mode of transmission
  5. portal of entry
  6. host
19
Q

most effective way to break chain of infection

A

hand hygiene

20
Q

“clean technique” = aimed at controlling the number of microorganisms and is used for ALL clinical patient care activities

A

medical asepsis

21
Q

“sterile technique” = aimed at removing all microorganisms and is used for all surgical/sterile procedures

A

surgical asepsis

22
Q

Maintaining sterile field (9)

A
  • open sterile packacge on flat, dry surface that is above the waist
  • keep sterile field in site
  • unsterile items cannot be in the field
  • unsterile if exposed to air for a long time
  • unsterile if fluid flows into field
  • have all equipment ready
  • skin must be gloved
  • 1 inch margin of packaging is not sterile
23
Q

maintaining sterile field when pouring liquids (3)

A
  1. cap placed up
  2. hold label in palm so that your chances of getting level wet lessens
  3. pour in small amounts
24
Q

steps of surgical hand asepsis (8)

A
  1. remove all jewelry
  2. fingernails no longer than 1/4 inch
  3. No artificial nails/ polish <4 days old
  4. inspect nails
  5. Apply surgical cap, shoe cover, mask, and eyewear before gloving
  6. keep hands above elbows
  7. scrub with sponge and clean nails with nail pick
  8. Put on gloves using sterile glove technique
25
Q

Normal WBC count

A

5000-10,000

26
Q

leukopenia:

A

decreased WBC

27
Q

leukocytosis:

A

increased WBC

28
Q

Normal neutrophils:

A

55-70% with 0-3% bands

29
Q

how do you know a lab study is normal?

A

varies based on the presentation of the patient

age, weight, height

30
Q

What do you do if patient has a latex allergy

A

use latex free gloves, supplies, and equipment

31
Q

microorganisms that are external to the host

A

exogenous

32
Q

examples of exogenous microorganisms

A 
SCAB-C
Salmonella
cholera
anthrax
botulism
C. Tetani
33
Q

microorganisms naturally in a closed system

A

endogenous

34
Q

examples of endogenous micros

A 
SESY
Strep
E. coli
Staph
Yeast
35
Q

When do endogenous micros become a problem?

A

flora is altered and overgrows
or
flora enters a sterile body area

36
Q

what is a common cause of endogenous micro problems

A

broad spectrum antibiotics

NURS 309 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions