Ch24 study guide (Nursing Care of the Newborn and Family) Flashcards
tool used to rapidly assess the newborn’s transition to extrauterine life at 1 and 5 minutes after birth
- it is based on five signs that indicate the newborn’s physiologic state
Apgar score
components of the Apgar score to indicate the newborn’s physiologic state
heart rate respiratory effort muscle tone reflex irritability color
device used to suction mucus and secretions from the newborn’s mouth and nose immediately after birth and when needed
bulb syringe
automatic sensor usually placed on the upper quadrant of the abdomen immediately below the right or left costal margin
- it is attached to the radiant warmer and monitors the newborn’s skin temperature
thermistors probe
instillation of antibiotic ointment into the eyes of a newborn after birth to prevent infection
eye prophylaxis
inflammation of the newborn’s eyes caused by sexually transmitted bacteria (e.g., gonorrhea, chlamydia) acquired by the newborn during passage through the mother’s brith canal
ophthalmia neonatorum/neonatal conjuctivitis
ointment is usually instilled into the newborn’s eyes within 1-2hrs after birth to prevent conjunctivitis
0.5% erythromycin or 0.1% tetracycline
mediation administered intramuscularly to the newborn to prevent neonatal hemorrhagic disease
- it is administered in a dose of 0.5-1mg
vitamin K
tool used to assess and estimate a newborn’s gestational age after birth
- it involves assessment of the degree of the newborn’s physical and neurologic maturity
New Ballard Score
term used to describe an infant whose birth weight falls between the 10th and 90th percentile as a result of growing at a normal rate during fetal life, regardless of length of gestation
appropriate for gestational age (AGA)
term used to describe an infant whose birth weight falls above the 90th percentile as a result of growing at an accelerated rate during fetal life, regardless of length of gestation
large for gestational age (LGA)
term used to describe an infant whose birth weight falls below the 10th percentile as a result of growing at a restricted rate during fetal life, regardless of length of gestation
small for gestational age (SGA)
infant born before the completion of 37 weeks of gestation, regardless of birth weight
preterm (premature)
infant born at 34-36 weeks gestation
- this infant has risk factors due to his or her physiologic immaturity that require close attention by nurses
late preterm
infant born between 37-38 weeks of gestation
- they are at greater risk than full-term infants for both short-term and long-term health problems
early term
infant born between the beginning of week 39 and the end of week 40 of gestation
full term
infant born during the 41st week of gestation
late term
infant born at or later than 42 weeks gestation
postterm
infant born after the completion of 42 weeks of gestation and showing the effects of progressive placental insufficiency
post mature
pinpoint hemorrhagic areas acquired during birth that may extend over the upper trunk and face
- they are benign if they disappear within 2-3 days of birth and no new lesions appear
petechiae
one of the products derived from the hemoglobin released with the breakdown of RBCs and the myoglobin in muscle cells
- accumulation of the unconjugated form in the blood results in a yellowish discoloration of the skin, sclera, and oral mucous membranes
bilirubin
yellowish discoloration of the integument and sclera that appears after the first 24hrs of life, peaks at 3-5days, and resolves in 1-2weeks, usually without the need for treatment
physiologic jaundice
test performed to distinguish cutaneous jaundice of the skin from normal skin color
- it is performed by applying pressure with a finger over a bony area such as the nose, forehead, or sternum for several seconds to empty all the capillaries in the spot
- the area will appear yellow when the finger is removed if jaundice is present
blanch test
device used for noninvasive monitoring of bilirubin via cutaneous reflectance measurements
- it allows for repetitive estimation of bilirubin and works well on both dark and light-skinned newborns
transcutaneous bilirubinometry (TcB)
infection characterized by white plaques on cheeks or tongue that bleed if touched
thrush
blood glucose concentration less than adequate to support neurologic, organ, and tissue function during the early newborn period
- the precise level at which this occurs in every neonate is not known, though intervention is usually required if the BG level falls below 40-45 mg/dL
hypoglycemia
newborn respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min or less
bradypnea
newborn respiratory rate of 60 breaths/min or more
tachypnea
the most important single measure in the prevention of neonatal infection
handwashing (hand hygiene)
use of light energy to treat hyperbilirubinemia by converting unconjugated bilirubin to a conjugated form that can be excreted through the urine or feces
phototherapy
surgical procedure that involves removing all or part of the prepuce (foreskin)
circumcision
crackles on auscultation of the lungs
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
potential problem
respirations 36 breaths/min, irregular, shallow
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
episodic apnea lasting 5-10 seconds
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
nasal falling and sternal retractions
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
potential problem
slight bluish discoloration of hands and feet
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
blood pressure 76/44mmHg
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
apical HR: 126 bpm with murmurs
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
temperature 36*C
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
potential problem
pink-tinged stains on diaper with first two voidings
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
two small white cysts at gum margins and on palate
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
boggy, edematous swelling over occiput
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
overlapping of parietal bones
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
white pimplelike spots on nose and chin
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
jaundice on face
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
potential problem
regurgitation of small amount of milk following first two feedings
(normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state)
normal
liver palpated at 1cm below the right costal margin
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
absence of bowel elimination since birth
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
spine straight with dimple and small tuft of hair at the base
(normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state)
potential problem
adhesion of prepuce - unable to fully retract foreskin
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
edema of labia majora
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
flaring of toes and hyperextension of big toe when sole is stroked upward
(normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state)
normal
hematocrit 36% and hemoglobin 12 g/dL
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
potential problem
WBC count of 20,000/mm3
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
blood glucose 48 mg/dL
normal or potential problem in 12hr old, full term newborn in quiet-alert state
normal
