Ch.23 Respiratory System Flashcards by Jibran Qureshi

Structures of Respiratory System(4-6)⭐️

Nasal Cavity
Pharynx & Larynx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the glottis?⭐️

Opening between the vocal chords

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Upper Respiratory tract(4)⭐️

-External nose: Air inspiration
-Nasal Cavity: clean & humidify air
-Phaynx: Passageway for food & air
-Larynx: Voice box, airway patent

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lower Respiratory Tract(4)⭐️

-Larynx: Voice box, airway patent
-Trachea: air cleaning tube
-Bronchi: tubes direct air to lungs
-Lungs: network of alveoli and capillaries for gas exchange

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another word for Pharynx⭐️

Throat

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another word for Larynx⭐️

Voice box

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another word for Trachea⭐️

Wind pipe

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

EC: All 4 blood vessels in pulmonary hilum/root of lung ⭐️

2 pulmonary veins
1 pulmonary artery
1° primary/main bronchus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ToF: If a patient is admitted with pneumonia(infection of lung), it is considered a UPPER respiratory function⭐️

False, lungs are lower

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ToF: Inflammation from infection in THROAT, what kind of infection?⭐️

Upper respiratory tract infection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When inhaling air, what element does air contain majority of? ⭐️
(Not oxygen)

Nitrogen (81%)
Oxygen (19%)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The 2 bronchioles and their zone⭐️

Terminal bronchiole(conducting zone)

Respiratory bronchiole (Respiratory / gas exchange zone)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Structures in conducting zone(7)⭐️

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, & terminal bronchiole

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Structures in gas exchange zone(2)

Alveoli & respiratory bronchiole

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another word for breathing air into lungs and out⭐️

Pulmonary ventilation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If patient cannot breathe for themself and go into coma, what machine do they need to breathe?⭐️

Ventilator

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Another word for gas exchange⭐️

Respiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If ventilation occurs in between lungs and pulmonary capillaries, what respiration is it?

External respiration (gas exchange)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

If ventilation occurs in between tissue capillaries and working tissues, what respiration is it?

Internal respiration

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What drives the direction of carbon dioxide & oxygen gases?

Difference in partial pressures

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How do we move oxygenated blood back into heart?⭐️

Pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Functions of Respiratory System(5)

-Regulation of blood pH (acidity (7))
-Production of chemical mediators
-Voice Production
-Olfaction
-Protection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ToF: In internal respiration (focus on tissue), Co2 is moving into the tissue⭐️

False, tissue capillary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

ToF: In external respiration (lungs), O2 is moving into alveoli⭐️

False, into capillary

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

3 lines of defense from Respiratory System⭐️

1)Nose hairs 2) Cilia pseudo Stratified w/ goblet cells / Respiratory Epithelium 3)Alveolar macrophages / dust cells

In blood pH acidity, what does 7.35 fall under?

Acidosis

In blood pH acidity, what does 7.45 fall under?

Alkalosis

This forms the roof of the nasal cavity⭐️

Cribiform plate

This portion of the throat is located posterior to the voice box⭐️

Laryngopharyx

This is an "O-shaped" cartilage⭐️

Cricoid cartilage

This is made up of "C-shaped" cartilages⭐️

Trachea

This is NOT a paired cartilage(T)⭐️

Thyroid cartilage

This is found at the vertebral levels of T4 and T5⭐️

Carina

This is NOT found in the right lung⭐️

Cardiac notch

These produce a substance known as Surfactant⭐️

Type II Pneumocytes

This volume is associated with forceful inhalation⭐️

Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)

This volume cannot be exhaled⭐️

Residual volume (RV)

This volume is associated with forceful exhalation⭐️

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV)

Tidal volume (TV) and Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) yields this lung capacity⭐️

Inspiratory capacity (IC)

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and Residual volume (RV) yields this lung capacity⭐️

Functional residual capacity (FRC)

ToF: According to Boyle's Law, as volume increases the pressure of that gas increases as well.

False, their proportional

Where do non-self antigens bind to antibodies⭐️

Fab region

In external respiration, __ moves from alveoli into capillaries while __ moves from capillaries into alveoli

O2, CO2

In internal respiration, ___ moves from tissues into capillaries while __ moves from capillaries into tissues

CO2, O2

What begins the RAAS system?⭐️

decreased blood pressure and blood volume in the kidneys

When dealing with hypertension, the RAAS system will not help, but what will

ACE Inhibitors

What converts Angiotensinogen to Angiotensin I?

Renin

What converts Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II

angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)

What is the outcome of the RAAS system?⭐️

increased blood pressure and blood volume

With acute blood pressure, which autonomic nervous system branch increases BP (the other decreases it)⭐️

Sympathetic

This forms the floor of the nasal cavity⭐️

Hard palate

These form the lateral walls of the nasal cavity

The nasal conchaes

This is a V-shaped cartilage⭐️

Thyroid Cartilage

This cartilage is shaped like a spoon⭐️

Epiglottis

What are the 3 paired cartilages(ACC)⭐️

arytenoid, corniculate, and cuneiform

This paired cartilage is horn shaped⭐️

Corniculate cartilage

These 2 "marks" are NOT found in the right lung⭐️

Cardiac notch & Cardiac impression

Adding TV and IRV yields which lung capacity⭐️

inspiratory capacity (IC)

Adding ERV and RV yields which lung capacity⭐️

functional residual capacity (FRC)

Adding IRV, ERV, and TV yields which lung capacity⭐️

vital capacity (VC)

Adding IRV, TV, ERV, and RV yields which lung capacity⭐️

total lung capacity (TLC)

This forms the medial wall of the nasal cavity

Nasal septum

This region of the pharynx starts from the choanae (opening at the back of the nasal cavity) down to the tip of the uvula⭐️

Nasopharynx

This region of the pharynx goes from the tip of the uvula to the epiglottis⭐️

Oropharynx

These are the false vocal cords

Vestibular folds

These are the true vocal cords (located on either side of the glottis opening)

Vocal folds

What structure forms the Adam's apple⭐️

Superior thyroid notch

What is the function of the epiglottis⭐️

it protects the airway and keeps food out of the respiratory system

With secondary (lobar) bronchi, there are __ lobes in the right lung, and __ in the left lung⭐️

3,2

Bronchodilation has smooth muscles __ so airflow __⭐️

Relaxed, increases

Bronchoconstriction has smooth muscles __ so airflow __⭐️

Contracted, decreases

Which alveolar cells provide structural support⭐️

type I pneumocytes

Gas exchange occurs because of what⭐️

Simple diffusion

The right and left lungs both have an oblique fissure, but what extra fissure does the right lung have?⭐️⭐️

Horizontal fissure

What is the root of the lungs called?⭐️

Pulmonary hilum

What are the muscles of inspiration (SSPmEiD)⭐️

sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, pectoralis minor, external intercostals, diaphragm

What are the muscles of expiration (II,Tt,Am)⭐️

internal intercostals, transverse thoracic, abdominal muscles

During inspiration, the diaphragm __, atmospheric pressure is __ than alveolar pressure, and air moves __ resulting in an __ process⭐️

contracts, greater, into the lungs, active

During expiration, the diaphragm __, atmospheric pressure is __ than alveolar pressure, and air moves __ resulting in a __⭐️

Relaxes,less, out of lungs, passive

ToF: Apex of lung comes in contact w/ diaphragm ⭐️

False

Dome-shaped muscle⭐️

Diaphragm

Ch.23 Respiratory System Flashcards

(81 cards)