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Anatomy 151 > Ch.20 > Flashcards

Ch.20 Flashcards

1
Q

Which side of the heart works in conjunction with the pulmonary circuit?

A

Right side

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2
Q

Which side of the heart works in conjunction with the systemic and coronary circuits?

A

Left side

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3
Q

The right side of the heart receives what kind of blood (the left side receives the opposite)

A

Deoxygenated blood

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4
Q

ToF: The apex of the heart comes in contact with the diaphragm naturally

A

True

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5
Q

Color of deoxygenated blood ⭐️

A

Dark red

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6
Q

Where is the heart located?⭐️

A

Mediastinum in thoracic cavity

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7
Q

What is the term for when there is too much fluid in the pericardial cavity?⭐️

A

Cardiac temponade

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8
Q

In the serous pericardium, which layer lines the cavity of the heart(PP)⭐️

A

Parietal pericardium

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9
Q

In the serous pericardium, which layer is on the surface of the heart?⭐️

A

Visceral pericardium

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10
Q

The great and small blood vessels are located where?⭐️

A

Base of heart

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11
Q

What are the 3 layers of the heart wall from outer to innermost⭐️

A

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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12
Q

In which heart wall layer can the cardiac muscles be found?⭐️

A

Myocardium

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13
Q

What muscle is found in both ventricles?⭐️

A

Trabeculae carneae

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14
Q

In the endocardium, the muscular ridges found in the atria are called what⭐️

A

Pectinate muscles

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15
Q

What are the 4 chambers of the heart from the superior to inferior aspect⭐️

A

2 atria (small upper/SUP)
2 ventricles (bigger lower/INF)

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16
Q

What are the 4 great vessels of the heart?⭐️

A

Aorta
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary trunk

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17
Q

Of the 4 great vessels, which ONE contains oxygenated blood⭐️

A

Aorta

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18
Q

The 4 smaller vessels come from the right and left lungs and all feed into the left atrium. They are called what and contain which kind of blood⭐️

A

Pulmonary veins w/ oxygenated blood

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19
Q

Of the 4 heart valves, what are the 2 atrioventricular (AV) valves

A

Tricuspid & Bicuspid/Mitral

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20
Q

Muscular ridges and columns on inside walls of VENTRICLES⭐️

A

Trabeculae carneae

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21
Q

Which AV valve is located on the RIGHT side of the heart (the other is on the left)⭐️

A

Tricuspid

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22
Q

Of the 4 heart valves, what are the 2 semilunar valves⭐️

A

Aortic & Pulmonary semilunar valves

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23
Q

Which semilunar valve is located in the left part of the heart (other is in the right side)⭐️

A

Aortic semilunar valves

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24
Q

In the RIGHT atrium, what are the 3 major blood vessels (openings)

A

superior and inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus

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25
Q

In the LEFT atrium, what are the 4 smaller blood vessels (openings)

A

Pulmonary veins

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26
Q

What separates the atria?

A

Interatrial septum

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27
Q

When there is a defect with the atrial hole closing after birth, what is the result

A

Atrial septal defect

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28
Q

The right ventricle receives what kind of blood, and from where does it get it?

A

Deoxygenated blood from right atrium

29
Q

The left ventricle receives what kind of blood and from where does it get it

A

Oxygenated blood from left atrium

30
Q

What separates the 2 ventricles⭐️

A

Inter-ventricular septum

31
Q

When there is a defect in the ending growth point of the ventricular septum, what is the result⭐️

A

Ventricular septal defect

32
Q

Why is the left ventricle’s lateral wall thicker than the right?⭐️

A

it works harder to push the blood farther distances to the whole body

33
Q

Arteries carry blood in which direction

A

Away from heart

34
Q

Veins carry blood in which direction

A

Towards heart

35
Q

ToF: All 3 blood vessels will drain into left atrium?⭐️

36
Q

Drains cardiac muscles⭐️

A

Coronary sinus

37
Q

The superior vena cava feeds blood from where into the right atrium

A

Superior part of the heart

38
Q

The inferior vena cava feeds blood from where into the right atrium

A

Structures inferior to heart

39
Q

The pulmonary trunk receives blood from where and then sends it where

A

Gets blood from right Ventricle
Sends it to pulmonary arteries

40
Q

ToF Both pulmonary veins and pulmonary arteries receive oxygenated blood

41
Q

The pulmonary veins feed blood into which atrium?

A

Left atrium

42
Q

Both semilunar valves open and close based on what

A

Pressure changes in heart

43
Q

What is the process of removing excess fluid in the heart⭐️SPELL

A

pericardiocentesis

PERI-CARDIO-CENTE-SIS

44
Q

ToF: All 4 valves are associated with papillary muscles

45
Q

What is diastole⭐️

A

Relaxation

46
Q

What is systole?⭐️

A

Contraction

47
Q

Blood that is found in pulmonary artery?⭐️

A

Deoxygenated blood

48
Q

AV valves close and open because of what?⭐️

A

Chordae testinae

49
Q

During ventricular DIASTOLE, which valve is open and which valve is closed

A

AV valve OPEN
Semilunar valve CLOSED

50
Q

During ventricular SYSTOLE, which valve is open and which valve is closed⭐️

A

AV CLOSED
Semilunar OPEN

51
Q

ToF: The heart pumps only work one side at a time⭐️

52
Q

What produces heart sounds⭐️

A

Valves closing

53
Q

S1 (first heart sound) is produced by which valve closing and during when

A

AV valve closing during ventricular SYSTOLE

54
Q

S2 (second heart sound) is produced by which valve closing and during when⭐️

A

Semilunar valve during ventricular DIASTOLE

55
Q

S3 (third heart sound) happens when

A

during passive ventricular filling when both the atria and ventricles are relaxed

56
Q

S4 is less common to hear and is caused by what

A

Something pathological

57
Q

T/F End diastolic volume is greater than end systolic volume⭐️

58
Q

In the coronary circuit, the right coronary artery branches off to which 2 arteries⭐️

A

right marginal artery and posterior interventricular artery

59
Q

In the coronary circuit, the left coronary artery branches off to which 3 arteries

A

anterior interventricular artery, circumflex artery, and left marginal artery

60
Q

What is the medical term for a heart attack?

A

Myocardial infarction

61
Q

All veins in the coronary circuit drain into what before entering the right atrium

A

Coronary sinus

62
Q

Which vein runs parallel to the left marginal artery

A

Posterior vein of left ventricle

63
Q

Which vein runs parallel to the posterior interventricular artery

A

Middle cardiac vein

64
Q

Which vein runs parallel to the right marginal artery

A

Small cardiac vein

65
Q

What causes the plateau in the cardiac muscle action potential graph

66
Q

What is the order of locations the action potentials travel through the heart once fired?⭐️

A

SA node, AV node, AV bundle (bundle of His), left and right bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

67
Q

What is the pacemaker of the cell

A

sinoatrial node

68
Q

What is the order of waves on an ECG from left to right

A

P wave, QRS complex, and T wave

69
Q

The QRS complex signals what

A

the onset of ventricular contraction and relaxation of the atria

Anatomy 151 (12 decks)

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