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NAVEDTRA 14295B HOSPITAL CORPSMAN > CH23 CBR WARFARE > Flashcards

CH23 CBR WARFARE Flashcards

1
Q

First large scale use of chemical agents?

A

WWI by Germany

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2
Q

AC

A

Hydrogen Cyanide (blood)

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3
Q

CK

A

Cyanogen Chloride (blood)

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4
Q

CG

A

Phosgene (Pulmonary)

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5
Q

CL

A

Chlorine (Pulmonary)

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6
Q

CN

A

Mace (Riot)

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7
Q

CR

A

Dibenzoxazepine (Riot)

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8
Q

CS

A

2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (Riot)

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9
Q

CX

A

Phosgene Oxime (Blister)

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10
Q

DP

A

Diphosgene (Pulmonary)

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11
Q

DM

A

Adamsite (Riot)

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12
Q

GA

A

Tabun (Nerve)

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13
Q

GB

A

Sarin (Nerve)

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14
Q

GD

A

Soman (Nerve)

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15
Q

GF

A

Cyclosarin (Nerve)

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16
Q

H

A

Mustard (Blister)

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17
Q

HD

A

Distilled Mustard (Blister)

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18
Q

HN

A

Nitrogen Mustard (Blister)

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19
Q

L

A

Lewisite (Blister)

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20
Q

OC

A 
Oleoresin Capsicum (Riot) 
Neutralize with baby shampoo, milk, veg oil
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21
Q

VX

A

S-2-ethyl O-ethyl

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22
Q

Chemical agents may be classified as?

A

LETHAL (10% or greater death rate), NONLETHAL

PERSISTENT, NON_PERSISTENT

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23
Q

High temps effect agents how?

A

Decrease their persistency

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24
Q

Indicates (LIQUID) nerve agent or blister agent by turning warm hue?

A

M9

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25
Q

Detects LIQUID chem agents, turns gold/yellow for G class or olive for VX?

A

M8

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26
Q

Detects nerve gas, mustard gas, and cyanide?

A

M256A1 (15 min reaction time)

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27
Q

First priority in chemical attack?

A

Ensure HM survival

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28
Q

How many MOPP levels are there?

A

5 (0-4)

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29
Q

Mask/hood is worn at what MOPP level?

A

3

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30
Q

What agent is of greatest concern compared to all other chemical agents?

A

Nerve

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31
Q

Oderless, almost colorless liquids or vapors varying greatly in viscosity and volatility, moderately soluble in water?

A

Nerve

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32
Q

Time for nerve agents onset of symptoms?

A

Seconds to 18hrs

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33
Q

Drug of choice for nerve agents?

A

Atropine (5-10 min intervals)

Secondary is 2-PAM CL

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34
Q

10mg auto injector used to control convulsions

A

CANA (Diazepam)

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35
Q

ATNAA will replace what?

A

Mark I kit

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36
Q

ATNAA contains two chambers that deliver?

A

2.1mg of Atropine and 600mg 2-PAM CL

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37
Q

Hold autoinjector in place for how long?

A

10 seconds (wait 10-15 minutes to see if symptoms subside…may give up to three kits)

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38
Q

Three MARK 1 kits should be given immediately under what condition?

A

Sever symptoms

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39
Q

2 PAM Chloride max dose?

A

Six doses

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40
Q

Blister agents are known as?

A

Vesicants

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41
Q

Mustard agents are a major concern due to?

A

large stockpiles and ease of production

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42
Q

Oily, colorless or pale yellow liquids, sparingly soluble in water?

A

H, HD, HN

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43
Q

What is less volatile and more persistent than HD?

A

HN

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44
Q

Arsenic that is light to dark blown liquid and vaporizes slowly?

A

Lewisite

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45
Q

Mustard smells like?

A

Garlic, mustard or horseradish

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46
Q

Lewisite smell?

A

Geranium

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47
Q

Primary cause of death for blister agent?

A

Massive edema or mechanical pulmonary obstruction

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48
Q

British Anti-Lewisite (BAL) was developed as an antidote for?

A

Lewisite

49
Q

Blood agents physical action?

A

Cellular suffocation

50
Q

Hydrogen Cyanide (AC) smell?

A

Bitter Almonds

51
Q

Cyanides usually dissipate in what time frame

A

less than 24hrs

52
Q

Initial treatment of cyanides?

A

1) Two Amyl nitrite ampules crushed and inhaled until eight ampules, OR IV sodium nitrate 300mg
2) IV Sodium thiosulfate 12.5g (1-2 doses)

53
Q

Should be considered pulmonary agent?

A

Smoke and ammonia

54
Q

Phosgene is a colorless gas that smells like?

A

New-mown hay/grass

55
Q

Two classes of riot control/harassment agents?

A

Lacrimators and vomiting agents

56
Q

Types of BACTERIAL agents?

A

Anthrax, Plague, Tularemia

57
Q

Types of VIRAL agents?

A

Small Pox, Hemorrhagic Fevers

58
Q

Types of TOXIN agents?

A

Ricin, Botulinum, Toxin

59
Q

Three types of anthrax in humans?

A

Cutaneous, Pulmonary, Gastro

60
Q

Most sensitive test for inhalation anthrax?

A

Chest x-ray

61
Q

Primary treatment for anthrax?

A

Antibiotics

FIRST LINE: Ciprofloxacin 500mg BID or Doxy 100mg Q12 hrs

SECOND LINE: Amoxicillin 500mg TID or PEN-G

62
Q

Anthrax vaccine frequency?

A

SIX SHOT SERIES…

0.5 ml SubQ @ 0, 2, 4 weeks; then 6, 12, 18 months with annual booster

63
Q

Yersinia Pestis?

A

Plague

64
Q

Forms of plague?

A

Pneumonic, Bubonic, Septicemic

65
Q

Pneumonic plague is 100% fatal if treatment does not start within how many hrs?

A

24

66
Q

Bubonic plague is characterized by swollen painful lymphn nodes called?

A

Buboes (usually develop in groin, armpit, neck)

67
Q

Plague is confirmed how?

A

Lab testing with positive culture.

68
Q

Antibiotics for plague?

A

PRIMARY: Streptomycin, Gentamicin
ALTERNATIVE: Doxy, Cipro, Chloramphenicol

69
Q

Tularemia AKA “rabbit fever” is caused by what bacterium?

A

Francisella tularensis (gram negative)

70
Q

Tularemia was used as a biological weapon during what war?

A

WWII

71
Q

T/F Tularemia is NOT spread from person to person

A

T

72
Q

Two types of tularemia

A

Ulceroglandular: most common - occurs after tick/deerfly bite

Pneumonic and typhoidal: Aerosol form

73
Q

Tularemia incubation period?

A

3-5 days

74
Q

How is tularemia confirmed?

A

serological testing

75
Q

Tularemia is rendered harmless when exposed to what temp?

A

55 degrees F for 10 minutes

76
Q

Botulinum toxin is produced by an encapsulated, gram-psitive, spore-forming, rod shaped bacterium called?

A

Clostridium botulinum

77
Q

Most toxic substance known BOTULINUM and is ______ times more toxic than VX nerve agent by weight

A

10-15 thousand

78
Q

What are the 4 kinds of botulism?

A

Food-borne
Infant
Wound
Inhalational

79
Q

Botulism’s neurological symptoms usually appear within how many hrs?

A

12-36 (time to onset is dose dependent)

80
Q

Classic symptoms of botulism include what?

A

Cranial nerve palsies (double vision, drooping eyelids, slurred speech, dry mouth etc)

81
Q

Ricin is derived from beans of castor plant. What bacterium?

A

Ricinus communis

82
Q

Small pox is caused by what virus?

A

Variola

83
Q

The last reported small pox case was what year?

A

1977

84
Q

What are the two clinical forms of smallpox?

A

VARIOLA MAJOR - 4 types - Ordinary, modified, flat, hemorrhagic 30% fatality rate
VARIOLA MINOR - rare - 1% or less fatality rate.

85
Q

Small pox incubation period?

A

7-19 days, usually 10-14 days (FIRST SYMPTOMS ARE FLU-LIKE)

86
Q

Progression of smallpox s/s

A

First symptoms 10-12 days. Rash on face/arms/legs 2-3 days after. Rash starts as MACULES then PAPULES. Scabs fall off after approx 3 weeks

87
Q

A person infected with smallpox may lesson or prevent illness by getting vaccinated within how many days of exposure?

A

4

88
Q

Four families of Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)?

A

ARENAVIRUSES: Via rodent urine
FILOVIRUSES: Marburg and Ebola
BUNYAVIRUSES: Vector borne
FLAVIVIRUSES: Arthropod (mosquito or tick)

89
Q

The only approved VHF vaccination is for?

A

Yellow fever

90
Q

First use of atomic weapon during war?

A

WWII

91
Q

Two methods of radiation action within a cell?

A

Direct/indirect action

92
Q

Beta radiation can penetrate human skin to what layer?

A

Germinal

93
Q

X-rays have the same effect as what?

A

Gamma rays

94
Q

Compared to gamma rays, they can cause 20 times greater damage to tissue?

A

Neutrons

95
Q

The new absorbed dose unit for radiation is?

A

Gray (Gy)

96
Q

Radiation dose is defined as?

A

Amount of energy absorbed per gram of tissue

97
Q

1 rem =

A

0.01 sv

98
Q

1 Sv =

A

100 rems

99
Q

Used to perform ground radiological surveys in vehicles or in dismounted mode by individual personnel as a HANDHELD instrument?

A

AN/VDR 2 (shook hands with darth vader)

100
Q

Compact handheld or POCKET CARRIED, tactical device that can measure prompt gamma/neutron doses from a nuclear event?

A

AN/UDR 13 (pocket pool in UnDeR pants)

101
Q

Multi range radiac device that detects beta and gamma radiation?

A

AN/PDQ-1

102
Q

Irradiation of body by HIGH dose?

A

Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)

103
Q

Long term exposure to LOW dose radiation?

A

Chronic Radiation Syndrome (CRS)

104
Q

Skin Decon kit

A

M291

105
Q

Air Sampling Device

A

JBPDS

106
Q

Max anthrax incubation period

A

7 days

107
Q

Only approved VHF vaccination?

A

Yellow Fever

108
Q

Tularemia incubation period?

A

1-21 days

109
Q

Neutrons over gamma rays

A

20 times greater damage to tissue

110
Q

Poisonous byproducts of living organism?

A

Toxins

111
Q

Biological warfare agents classified according to?

A

Delivery mode

112
Q

Light, short range, ejected electron

A

Beta radiation

113
Q

single cell - disease causing

A

bacteria

114
Q

Detects liquid chem

A

M9 Paper

115
Q

Intracellular parasites that lack system of their own metabolism?

A

Viruses (simplest type of microorganism)

116
Q

System that provides early warning?

A

ABDEPS

117
Q

System provides monitoring, sampling and detection of biological agents?

A

BIDS

118
Q

Heavy short-range particles not able to penetrate clothing or skin?

A

Alpha

NAVEDTRA 14295B HOSPITAL CORPSMAN (17 decks)

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