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NAVEDTRA 14295B HOSPITAL CORPSMAN > CH 22 POISONING & DRUG ABUSE > Flashcards

CH 22 POISONING & DRUG ABUSE Flashcards

0
Q

The _____ makes the poison

A

Dose

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1
Q

Substance that when introduced to the body produces harmful effect on normal structures/functions?

A

Poison

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2
Q

If no toxic effects the incident is simply an ________

A

Exposure

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3
Q

Factors effecting poisoning?

A 
Dose
Age
Gender
Resistance
State of health
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4
Q

Gastric lavage is a method to?

A

Decontaminate the stomach

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5
Q

Less than what % of poisons have specific antidotes?

A

5%

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6
Q

Sign of narcotic poison?

A

Beady eyes

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7
Q

Sign of cholinergic poison?

A

Sludge

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8
Q

Most common route of exposure?

A

Ingestion

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9
Q

Two types of irritant from ingested poison

A

ACIDIC: corrosive
BASIC: caustic

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10
Q

Preferred method for emptying the contents of the stomach when victim is conscious?

A

Emetic

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11
Q

Normal adult dose of Ipecac syrup

A

15-30ml

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12
Q

Used to “speed” movement of bound substance and minimize absorption?

A

Cathartic (magnesium sulfate or sorbitol)

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13
Q

Treat ingested acid or base using _____ only

A

water

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14
Q

Ingestion of mineral oil or motor oil will usually do nothing more than cause?

A

Diarrhea

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15
Q

Treat ingested petroleum distillates with?

A

30-60 ml of vegetable oil

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16
Q

Viral food poisoning appears w/in how long

A

8 hrs

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17
Q

Inhaled substances can fool the victim due to?

A

Olfactory fatigue

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18
Q

There are how many steps in initial evaluation and follow-on poison management?

A

6

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19
Q

Of the 40 species of scorpions in the U.S. which may cause serious effects?

A

Centruroides exilicauda

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20
Q

Treat scorpion bite with?

A

Ice up to 2 hrs

Calcium gluconate 10ml 10% solution IV

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21
Q

Dull numbing pain which spreads to entire torso. Board-like abdominal muscles is common. Symptoms indicate?

A

Black widow (latrodectus mactans)

22
Q

What develops w/in hrs, over a brown recluse bite?

A

Bleb

23
Q

Treatment of brown recluse bite?

A

Debridement of lesion, peroxide cleansing and Aluminum Acetate solution soaks.

24
Q

How many venomous snake families?

A

5

25
Q

Hospitalize and observe snakebites for at least how long?

A

24hrs

26
Q

Crotalids (viperidae) most identifying feature?

A

Wide head

27
Q

How should snake bites be washed?

A

GENTLY

28
Q

Suction snake bite for when and for how long?

A

Best within 3 minutes, leave on for 30 minutes

29
Q

Apply bandage over snake bite and wrap how far past the bite?

A

2” - 4”

30
Q

Patch eye after cobra spit with enough pressure to do what?

A

Keep eyelid from blinking

31
Q

When is a child’s dose the same as an adult?

A

Anti-venom

32
Q

Do not use what on a snakebite?

A

Ice

33
Q

Poisonous fish?

A

Puffer, Trigger, Parrot, Porcupine, file, surgeon, goatfish/surmullet

34
Q

Soak fish bites in hot water not to exceed what temp?

A

114F

35
Q

Fish that have been known to cause fatalities?

A

Sone, Zebra, Scorpion

36
Q

What fish has a specific anti-venom?

A

Stonefish

37
Q

Man-of-war, sea wasp, box jellyfish, sea nettle, anemone are examples of?

A

Coelenterates

38
Q

Apply what to help prevent jellyfish sting?

A

Petroleum jelly

39
Q

What is the only type of alcohol that may be effective on jellyfish sting?

A

Rubbing

40
Q

What octopus may be fatal?

A

Blue-ringed

41
Q

Bloodworms and Bristleworms are examples of?

A

Annelida

42
Q

What sting should be considered as severe as a poisonous snake bite?

A

Cone shell

43
Q

What snake injects a poison 2 - 10 times the toxicity of cobra venom?

A

Sea Snake

44
Q

Ciguatera is caused by eating what?

A

Fish that consumed a toxin-producing microorganism

45
Q

Undercooked fish may cause ______ when consumed?

A

Scombroid poisoning

46
Q

Consuming contaminated raw oysters or undercooked crab and shrimp may cause what?

A

Typhoid fever

47
Q

Venom of blue ringed octopus?

A

Tetrodotoxin

48
Q

Two types of parasitic infection?

A

Superficial and flesh

49
Q

Barbiturates are used to treat?

A

Various seizure disorders

50
Q

What is the primary concern of barbiturates?

A

Withdrawal is LIFE THREATENING

51
Q

Amphetamines affect what nervous system?

A

CNS

52
Q

The stomach should only be contaminated if?

A

Victim is conscious

Drug was taken recently

NAVEDTRA 14295B HOSPITAL CORPSMAN (17 decks)

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