Ch15 Pt2

Question 1

Arteries carry…

Answer 1

Oxygenated blood except pulmonary artery
All arteries carry blood AWAY from the heart

Question 2

Veins carry…

Answer 2

Deoxygenated blood, except the pulmonary vein
-all veins RETURN blood to the heart

Question 3

Systole

Answer 3

Phase of ventricular contraction-pulse

Question 4

Diastole

Answer 4

Phase of ventricular relaxation

Question 5

ESV

Answer 5

End Systolic Volume -blood volume remaining in ventricles after contraction

Question 6

EDV

Answer 6

End Diastolic Volume -blood volume in ventricles just prior to contraction
Increase results in: stretching of myocardium, increases in the strength of contraction, increased volume of blood ejected during systole

Question 7

SV

Answer 7

Stroke Volume -volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle with heart contraction
SV= LVEDV- LVESV

Question 8

Ejection Fraction

Answer 8

Ratio of SV to EDV
EF= SV/ LVEDV

Question 9

Preload

Answer 9

End diastolic pressure, extent which the heart chambers stretch when they fill with blood during diastole

Question 10

After load

Answer 10

Resistance to the heart pumping blood into circulation (ventricular emptying), which increases workload for heart

Question 11

Arterioles

Answer 11

Smaller than arteries, major source of resistance, surrounded by smooth muscle

Question 12

Capillaries

Answer 12

7-10um diameter, RBCs pass one at a time
-site of gas exchange and nutrient exchange

Question 13

Venues

Answer 13

Empty into veins
-similar in size to arterioles

Question 14

Capillaries make up

Answer 14

Greatest cross sectional area in vascular system
-enhanced/ increased capilllaries results in slower flow
-ensures good nutrient and gas exchange

Question 15

Why do people faint if they stand still for a prolonged period of time?

Answer 15

No blood flow back to the heart because standing keeps the blood away from heart, pump fights gravity, brain doesn’t get enough blood, then too much all at once.

Question 16

Why is it not a good idea to completely stop after a moving race?

Answer 16

System is high and in huge demand for o2, stopping causes body to slow down even when it is still in demand, heart rate jumps higher to compensate for low blood return.

Question 17

Hypertensive BP

Answer 17

Too high : 140>90

Question 18

Normotensive:

Answer 18

Normal
110 <130 systolic /60 to <85 diastolic
-hard on heart

Question 19

Hypotension

Answer 19

<90/ 60
-blood isn’t returning

Question 20

Plaque build up in arteries:

Answer 20

Causes higher blood pressure because smaller space = more pressure to get blood through

Question 21

Uncontrollable Risk factors

Answer 21

Age, sex, family history

Question 22

Controllable Risk Factors

Answer 22

Poor diet, lack of exercise, and prolonged stress

Question 23

Blood Pressure=

Answer 23

Cardiac Output * Total Peripheral Resistance
BP= Q * TPR

Question 24

SBP

Answer 24

Systolic Blood Pressure
-force that blood exerts on the arterial walls during ventricular systole
-estimates work of the heart

Question 25

DBP

Answer 25

Diastolic Blood Pressure -pressure exerted on the walls of the arteries during ventricular diastole
-70 or 80mmHg

Question 26

MAP

Answer 26

Mean Arterial Pressire
-mean blood pressure in arterial system, less than SBP and DBP as heart spends more time in diastole
MAP= DBP +[0.333 (SBP-DBP)]