Ch 12 Pt1

Question 1

During function, our cells use;

Answer 1

O2 and produce CO2, they get O2 from the respiratory system and it eliminates CO2 from the body

Question 2

4 Specific purpose of ventilation

Answer 2

Exchange of O2
Exchange of CO2
Control of blood pH (as CO2 combines with water, can produce bicarbonate to buffer blood
Oral communication

Question 3

What 2 parts of ventilation are essential for metabolism?

Answer 3

Exchange of O2 and CO2

Question 4

How does the pressure gradient of O2 and CO2 work?

Answer 4

O2 and CO2 move from areas of high concentration (or pressure) to low concentration (or pressure)
-this is called partial pressure

Question 5

What is partial pressure?

Answer 5

CO2 builds up in tissue (high concentration) and moves into venues (low concentration)
O2 high concentration in arteries moves into tissue which are lower in concentration

Question 6

Movement of air into and out of pulmonary system is:

Answer 6

Breathing or Ventilation

Question 7

External respiration

Answer 7

Pulmonary circulation -oxygen into lungs
-exchange of gases between the lungs and blood

Question 8

Internal Respiration

Answer 8

-exchange of gases between the blood and muscles
-capillaries delivering oxygenated blood to the muscle
-also measured as avO2

Question 9

Cellular Respiration

Answer 9

-utilization of O2 by cells to produce ATP

Question 10

Pulmonary Ventilation

Answer 10

Process by which air is moved into the lungs
-inspiration, expiration, inhalation, exhalation

Question 11

External Nares (nostrils)

Answer 11

External openings to nasal cavities

Question 12

Pharynx

Answer 12

Throat
-muscular tube from nasal cavity to the esophagus and larynx

Question 13

Epiglottis

Answer 13

Soft tissue pillar in the throat that covers the vocal cords and keeps food and liquid from entering the trachea during swallowing

Question 14

Larynx

Answer 14

Valve structure between the trachea (windpipe) and the pharynx (upper throat) that is the primary organ of voice production

Question 15

Trachea

Answer 15

The windpipe, the passage inn the throat leading to the lungs

Question 16

Lungs

Answer 16

Organs in which gas exchange occurs

Question 17

Full airflow through respiratory system organs
(Pulmonary ventilation)
(6 steps)

Answer 17

1. External nares
2. Pharynx
3. Epiglottis
4. Larynx
5. Trachea
6. Lung

Question 18

Primary bronchi:

Answer 18

Two large tubes that carry air to the lung; branches from trachea

Question 19

Secondary bronchi:

Answer 19

Tube branches from primary bronchi

Question 20

Tertiary bronchioles:

Answer 20

Tube branches from secondary bronchi

Question 21

Bronchiole

Answer 21

Small branches of the bronchi that carries air to and from the alveoli

Question 22

Terminal bronchiole

Answer 22

Smallest bronchiole in the conducting zone
-end of the conductive zone

Question 23

Parts of the Conductive Zone: (11)

Answer 23

Start
Nose, pharynx (throat), epiglottis (flap), larynx (voice box), Trachea (windpipe), lungs

Primary bronchi, secondary bronchi, tertiary bronchi, bronchiole, terminal bronchiole
End

Question 24

Anatomical Dead Space

Answer 24

Parts of the lungs that were never designed for gas exchange
-no alveoli meaning non exchange of gasses
1ml per 1lb of ideal body weight

Question 25

3 Functions of the Conductive Zone

Answer 25

1. Transport Air -more air from the atmosphere into the lungs
2. Warm and humidify air- warm up atmosphere air
3. Filter incoming air -through cilia in the nose

Question 26

Breakdown of warming and humidifying air:

Answer 26

Body warms air before it reaches lungs (37 degrees Celsius and 99.5% saturated with water vapour)
-protective mechanism to maintain core body temp
-protects lungs from injury

Question 27

Filtering incoming air breakdown

Answer 27

Nose lined with mucous membrane to trap. Impurities and foreign particles that are inhaled
-protect lungs
-smoking and air pollutants decrease protection by reducing mucous membrane

Question 28

Respiratory Zone

Answer 28

-begins at level of respiratory bronchioles and ends with the exchange of gases at the alveoli
-Site of gas exchange
-constitutes largest portion of TLV

Question 29

Respiratory Bronchiole

Answer 29

Bronchioles that contain scattered alveoli in their walls

Question 30

Alveolar Duct

Answer 30

Elongated air passageway, lined by alveoli

Question 31

Alveolar Sac

Answer 31

Clusters of alveoli that open into a common space

Question 32

Alveoli

Answer 32

Site of gas exchange
-300 million by age 8, 600 million total
-are damagable

Question 33

Physiological Dead Space

Answer 33

Alveoli with no blood supply -no gas exchange
-different that anatomical dead space -shouldn’t have dead space but it does

Question 34

Pores of Kohn

Answer 34

Located within each alveolus, disperse surfactant to reduce surface tension

Question 35

Anatomical dead space is comprised of alveoli with no gas exchange

Answer 35

False
-don’t have alveoli

Question 36

Primary function of the respiratory zone is gas exchange

Answer 36

True

Question 37

One of the functions of the conductive zone is oral communication

Answer 37

False
-function of ventilation, not conductive system

Question 38

Terminal bronchioles are found in the respiratory zone

Answer 38

False
-last bronchioles of conductive zone
-any bronchioles found in respiratory zone are respiratory bronchioles