Ch.15 Absolutism

Question 0

Defenestration of Prague

Answer 0

The First Defenestration of Prague involved the killing of seven members of the city council by a crowd of radical Czech Hussites on July 30, 1419.

Question 1

Frederick IV of the Palatinate

Answer 1

Ok

Question 2

Gustavus Adolphus

Answer 2

King of Sweden who developed the first standing army conscripts notable for the flexibility of its tactics

Question 3

Peace of Westphalia

Answer 3

Ensured that all German states including the Calvinist ones were free to determine their own religion

Question 4

Jacques Bossuet and the “Divine Right” of kings

Answer 4

Medieval political theorists had seen kings as deriving their authority from God, but as obliged to rule in accordance with law and in consultation with the nobility. Some political philosophers of the Middle Ages wanted to assert the prince’s authority against the Pope; most accepted that a prince ruling tyrannically could be removed by his subjects. Marsilius of Padua (c. 1270-1342) went further than most in subjecting the king to the community.

Question 5

Cardinal Richlieu and Lewis X I I I

Answer 5

Cardinal Richelieu was a strong believer in the power of the crown - as had been his predecessor the Duke de Luynes. Richelieu served his master - Louis XIII - well and did much to make Seventeenth Century France a classic example of the expansion of royal absolutism at the expense of noble power.

Question 6

Cardinal Mazarin

Answer 6

An Italian who had come to France as a Papel legit and then became neutralized measure and attempted to carry on Richlieu’s policies until he’s his death

Question 7

Louis XIV

Answer 7

Louis XIV of France ranks as one of the most remarkable monarchs in history. He reigned for 72 years, 54 of them he personally controlled French government. The 17th century is labeled as the age of Louis XIV. Since then his rule has been hailed as the supreme example of a type of government - absolutism. He epitomized the ideal of kingship. During his reign France stabilized and became one of the strongest powers in Europe.

Question 8

The Fronde

Answer 8

The Fronde (the name for the “sling” of a children’s game played in the streets of Paris in defiance of civil authorities) was in part an attempt to check the growing power of royal government; its failure prepared the way for the absolutism of Louis XIV’s personal reign.

Question 9

Edict of Fontainebleu

Answer 9

In October 1685, Louis XIV signed the Edict of Fontainebleau which repealed the Edict of Nantes. It banned Protestant worship and the emigration of Protestants. Pastors were banished.

Question 10

Versailles

Answer 10

Serves many purposes it was a residence of the keen reception hall for staff affairs office building for the members of the Kings government in the home of thousands of royal officials and aristocratic courtiers

Question 11

Jean Baptiste Colbert

Answer 11

Wanted to increase the wealth and power of France through general adherence to mercantilism which stressed government regulation of economic activities to benefit the state

Question 12

Frederick William

Answer 12

The Great Elector

Question 13

Frederick 3rd son of Frederick William

Answer 13

Next elector

Question 14

Austria

Answer 14

Means Bohemia

Question 15

Frederick 1

Frederick 2nd

Answer 15

King and 2nd elector

Question 16

Frederick William the great elector

Answer 16

• Laid foundation for the Prussian state
• came to power in the miss of the 30 years war
• built a competent and efficient standing army

Question 17

Hohenzollern

Answer 17

Dynasty
The House of Hohenzollern is a dynasty of former princes, electors, kings, and emperors of Hohenzollern, Brandenburg, Prussia, the German Empire, and Romania. Wikipedia

Question 18

Peter the Great

Answer 18

•Rude
• watered wanted to westernize Russia especially in the wheel of technical skills
Conscripted peasants for 25 years of service to build a standing army of
210,000 men
• defeated Charles’s army

Question 19

The great Northern war and St. Petersburg

Answer 19

The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Central, Northern, and Eastern Europe

Later found at. Petersburg

Question 20

The house of orange Dutch

Answer 20

Occupied the stadholder it and most of the seven provinces and favorite the development of a centralized government with themselves as hereditary monarchs

Question 21

The Stuart Dynasty

Answer 21

It was an age of intense religious debate and radical politics. Both contributed to a bloody civil war in the mid-seventeenth century between Crown and Parliament (the Cavaliers and the Roundheads), resulting in a parliamentary victory for Oliver Cromwell and the dramatic execution of King Charles I.

Question 22

The Puritans

Answer 22

Protestants in the angelic and church inspired by Calvinist theology
Wanted James to eliminate the Piscopo system of the church organization used in the church of England in favor of a Presbyterian model

Question 23

Charles I and the English Civil War

Answer 23

Captured in the first phase of the Civil War
Beheaded
Didn’t want to share power with the Parliament

Question 24

Oliver Cromwell

Answer 24

One of the groups leaders The group called the independents

He was commander-in-chief of the Army but had to crush the Catholic uprising in Ireland which he accomplished and earned him internal enmity of Irish people

Question 25

Levelers

Answer 25

Wanted to level out the society

Question 26

The test act

Answer 26

Specify that only Angelicans can hold military and civil offices

Question 27

Charles I I and the restoration

Answer 27

Ok

Question 28

James I I

Answer 28

James II and VII was King of England and Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685 until he was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of 1688. Wikipedia

Question 29

The glorious Revolution and English bill of rights

Answer 29

Bill of rights affirmed parliaments right to make laws and Levi taxes and made it impossible for Kings to oppose or do without Parliament by stipulating that standing armies could be raced only with the consent of Parliament

Question 30

William and Mary

Answer 30

Raised an army and invaded England while James his wife and their infant son fled to France

Question 31

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 31

Political thinker
Believed strong powerful government
He claimed that in the state of nature before society was organized human life was solitary poor nasty brutish and short

MANKIND GONNA KILL ITSELF

Question 32

John Locke

Answer 32

Political thinker
View the exercise of political power quite differently from Hobbs and argued against absolute rule of one man

GOVERNMENT CREATED AS A CONTRACT
PURPOSE TO PROTECT PEOPLES RIGHTS

Question 33

Mannerism

Answer 33

Reflected environment and it’s deliberate attempt to break down the high Renaissance principles of balance harmony in moderation

Spread from Italy to other parts of Europe and perhaps reached El Greco

Question 34

El Greco

Answer 34

He elongated and contorted figures pretrade in unusual shades of yellow and green again Ceneri background of turbulent grades reflect the artist desire to create a world of intense emotion

Question 35

Bernini

Answer 35

Architect and sculptor

Depicts movement of a mystical experience in the life of the 16 century Spanish saint

Question 36

Gentileschi

Answer 36

Artemisia Gentileschi was an Italian Baroque painter, today considered one of the most accomplished painters in the generation following that of Caravaggio. Wikipedia

Question 37

Baroque

Answer 37

Replaced mannerism
Began in Italy and spread to the rest of Europe
Tyler was embraced by the Catholic reform movement as is evident at the Catholic courts especially those that have speck in Madrid Craig Vienna and Brussels

Artist sought to bring together the classical ideas of Renaissance art with the spiritual feeling of the 16th century religious revival

Known for dramatic effects to arouse the emotions

Question 38

French classicism

Answer 38

Emphasis on clarity simplicity of balance and harmony of design
What did the shift in the 17th century French society from chaos to order
Rejected emotionalism in high drama of the Baroque

Question 39

Dutch realism

Answer 39

Most work, including that for which the period is best known, reflects the traditions of detailed realism inherited from Early Netherlandish painting.

Question 40

Rembrandt van Rijn

Answer 40

Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was a Dutch painter and etcher. He is generally considered one of the greatest painters and printmakers in European art and the most important in Dutch history. Wikipedia

Question 41

William Shakespeare

Answer 41

Was a complete man of theatre

No threading place was also an actor and shareholder in the cheap company of the time

Question 42

Molière

Answer 42

Enjoy the favor the French quarter and benefited from the patronage of King Louis X IV

Produce and acted in a series of comedies that often satirize religious and social world of his time

Question 43

Miguel Cervantes

Answer 43

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, often known mononymously as Cervantes, was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright. Wikipedia