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US History > Ch.14 > Flashcards

Ch.14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Factors in the US for the Industrial Age

A 
Wealth and Natural Resources
Government Support of Business
Growing Urban Population
Cheap Labor
Market for New Products
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2
Q

Used a steam engine to drill for oil in Titusville, Pennsylvania

A

Edwin Drake

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3
Q

British inventor that came up with a new way to make steel

A

Henry Bessemmer

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4
Q

American who discovered a way to produce higher quality steel in a less expensive manner

A

William Kelly

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5
Q

Began building the Brooklyn Bridge

A

John Roebling

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6
Q

Why was william jenny able to build skyscrapers

A

the use of steel beams allowed great structural integrate and support

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7
Q

Created the first research labratory

A

Thomas Edison

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8
Q

Invented the air brake

A

George Westinghouse

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9
Q

invented the type writer

A

christopher sholes

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10
Q

invented the adding machine

A

William buroughs

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11
Q

Tellaphone and xray machone

A

Alexander Graham Bell

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12
Q

the golden spike was driven in the ground here to mark completetions of first continental railrods

A

Promontory Point, Utah

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13
Q

created the 24 time zones around the world

A

C.F Dowd

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14
Q

4 time zones

A

Eastern, Central, Mountain, and Pacific

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15
Q

Built luxury train cars and built his own factory town for his workers

A

George Pullman

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16
Q

Interstate Commerce Act 1887

A

1886 the supreme court ruled that a state could not set rates on interstate commerce

  • this act reestablished the right of the federal government to supervise railroad activities
  • also established the interstate commerce commissions-5 members- to supervise them
  • ICC had difficulty regulating RR rates
  • It gained power in 1906 under President Theodore Roosevelt
17
Q

buy out suppliers

A

vertical Integreation

18
Q

Buy out competing steel companies

A

Horizontal Integration

19
Q

origin of specie

A

written by charles darwin

  • explained the process of “natural selection
  • weeded the less-suited individuals and those able to best adapt survived
20
Q

Applied the theory of evolution to human society

A

Herbert Spencer

21
Q

Purchased Andrew Carnegies steel mill

A

J.P Morgan

22
Q

helped found the university of chicago (philanthropists)

A

John D. Rockefellar

23
Q

John D. rockefellar

A
  • built the standard oil company
  • he controlled 90% of the oil refining business
  • Drove his competitors out of business by undercutting their price and then raising the price beyond the original level
  • paid his employees very low wages
24
Q

Rockefellar FOundation

A

gave away over 500 mil
university of chicago
medical institutes- helped find cure for yellow fever

25
Q

built his fortune in the steamboat and railroad industries

A

Cornelius Vanderbilt

26
Q

“rags to riches” novel

A

Horatio Alger

27
Q

The gospel of wealth

A

written by andrew Carnegie

  • it is the duty of the wealthy to use their riches to advance social progress
  • great riches brings great power, but also great responsibility
  • Horatio Alger “rags to riches” novel
  • said to stride and succeed
28
Q

who founded libraries

A

Andrew Carnegie

29
Q

Organized the Noble order of the knights of labor

A

Uriah Stephens

30
Q

cigar maker

A

samuel gompers

31
Q

Collective barganing

A

negotiating between representatives of labor and management to reach a written agreement

32
Q

attempted to form an industrial union- included unskilled RR workers

A

eugene v debs

33
Q

an economic and political based on government controls of business and property and equal distribution of wealth

A

socialism

34
Q

the haymarket riot

A

May 4, 1886 in Chicago
Workers met to protest the killing of a worker and the wounding of several others at the McCormick Plant
3,000 people gathered to protest the police brutality
About 10:00pm they began to break up and someones tossed a bomb into the police line
Police opened fire on the workers
7 police and 3 workers died
8 people were convicted for inciting the riot and 4 were hanged and one committed suicide in prison
The public opinion began to turn against unions and the labor movement, because of the violence

35
Q

The Homestead steel mill strike

A

Carnegie’s plant in Pennsylvania
Called a strike on June 28, 1892 after Homestead’s president Henry Clay Frick, announced that he planned to cut wages
He hired Pinkerton Detectives to protect the plant
He hired strikebreakers-scabs
The detectives came down the river by barge and the strikers fought them as they tried to exit the barge
Pennsylvania National Guard was called out and the strike lasted until November
The strikers eventually lost
It would be 45 years before steel workers struck again

36
Q

Pullman Strike

A

Spring of 1894
After the Panic of 1893 Pullman laid off over 1/2 of his work force and cut the wages of the remaining workers
He did not reduce their rent in the company town
The American railroad Union led by Eugene V. Debs boycotted Pullman trains
It paralyzed the railroads
Strikebreakers were hired
President Grover Cleveland sent in federal troops
Debs was jailed
Strikers were fired and blacklisted

US History (23 decks)

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