ch.12 pt 1 Flashcards
newton’s 1st law
law of inertia; a body will maintain a state of rest or constant velocity unless acted on by an external forces that changes the state
newtons 2nd law
law of acceleration; a force applied to a body causes an acceleration of that body
newtons 3rd law
law of reaction; for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
inertia
the tendency to resist change in state of motion; directly proportional to mass and has no units of measurement
conservation of energy
energy can neither be created nor destroyed, it can be transformed from one state to another, or transferred into or out of the system. but total amount of energy never changes
what is the formula for the conservation of energy?
PE + KE = C
identify the factors that govern the magnitude of the force of maximum static friction or kinetic friction in any situation
the coefficient of friction
identify the factors that influence the value of the coefficient of friction
1.) the relative roughness and hardness of surfaces in contact
2.) the type of molecular interaction between surfaces
what is the product of force and time?
impulse
the __ describes the relative elasticity of an impact
…
Newton’s __ __ __ may be restated as the principle of conservation of momentum
law of inertia
the coefficient of kinetic friction
the magnitude of the kinetic friction force
the coefficient of static friction
the magnitude of the maximum static friction
in mechanics, __ refers to the amount of mechanical work performed in a given time
power
the principle of work and energy is represented as __
W = ΔKE + ΔPE + ΔTE
when the magnitude of force applied on a stationary body becomes greater and greater, the magnitude of the opposing friction force also increases to a certain critical point. At that point, the friction force presented is termed __
maximum static friction
the formula for mechanical work is the product of?
force and displacement
what are the 2 variables that determine an objects/bodys momentum
velocity and mass
the amount of horizontal force required to START MOVING an object resting on a horizontal surface…
the force must be greater than the maximum static friction force
the capacity for doing work that a body possesses because of its HEIGHT or POSITION
potential energy
a skater gliding on ice will continue to move in the same direction with the same speed (in absence of the action of additional forces). This situation exemplifies which law?
Newton’s law of Inertia
what is the correct unit of mechanical work or energy?
joules
an impact resulting in TOTAL LOSS of velocity would be a perfectly __ impact
plastic
a number that serves as an index of elasticity for colliding bodies is called the coefficient of __
restitution
what is the product of a force and the time during which it acts?
impulse
what is the product of a force and the time during which it acts?
impulse
