Ch. 3 pt2 Flashcards
A flower is placed inside the pages a book and several other books are stacked on top of the book containing the flower. The weight of the books creates a __ force on the flower.
compressive
A pulling force that creates tension in the object to which it is applied is known as __.
tensile force
How much compressive stress is present on the L1,L2 vertebral disc of a 700 N man, given that approx. 40% of his body weight is supported by the disc when he stands in an upright position?
(Assume that the disc is oriented horizontally and that its surface area
9.33 N/cm^2
multiply 700 N by 40% to get 280, then divide 280 by 30 cm^2 to get ~9.3
T/F: When an eccentric force is applied to a structure, it prevents bending of the structure.
False
The term axial means directed along the __ of a body.
longitudinal axis
A pressing or squeezing force applied axially through a body.
Compression
A pulling or stretching force directed axially through a body.
Tension
A force directed parallel to a surface.
Shear
What is the most common type of loading on the human body?
Combined loading
What are the 2 potential effects produced when a force acts on an object?
Deformation and acceleration
The distribution of force within a body, quantified as force divided by the area over which the force act is known as __.
Stress
In the context of a load deformation curve, deformations exceeding the ultimate failure point produce __ __ of the structure, which in the human body means fracturing of bone or rupturing of soft tissues.
mechanical failure
An asymmetric loading that produces tension on one side of a body’s longitudinal axis and compression on the other side is known as __.
bending
What are 2 axial forces?
Compression and tension
Loading-producing twisting of a body around its longitudinal axis is __.
torsion
Simultaneous action of more than one of the pure forms of loading is __.
combined loading
When a single force large enough to cause injury acts on biological tissues, the injury is termed acute and the causative force is termed __.
macrotrauma
__ is change in shape.
Deformation
In the context of a load deformation curve, __ is the loss of mechanical continuity.
failure
The causative mechanism of a stress injury is termed __.
microtrauma
What is a limitation of force platforms?
It faces the restrictions of a laboratory setting.
The application of a single force of sufficient magnitude to cause injury to a biological tissue is known as __ __.
acute loading
A physical quantity that possesses both magnitude and direction is known as __.
vector
What are the scalar quantities?
Mass, volume, length, and speed
The repeated application of a subacute load that is usually of relatively low magnitude is known as __ __.
repetitive loading
When 2 vectors oriented in exactly opposite directions are composed, the resultant has the direction of the longer vector and a magnitude equal to __ __ __ __.
the difference in the magnitudes of the 2 original vectors.
Provide graphical or digital maps of pressures across the plantar surfaces of the feet
pressure platforms
Designed to transduce ground reaction forces in vertical, lateral, and anteroposterior directions w/respect to the platform itself
force platforms
What are the kinetic vector quantities?
Force, weight, pressure, specific weight, and torque
An operation that replaces a single vector with two perpendicular vectors such that the vector composition of the two perpendicular vectors yields the original vector is known as __ ___.
vector resolution
An operation that replaces a single vector with two perpendicular vectors such that the vector composition of the two perpendicular vectors yields the original vector is known as __ ___.
vector resolution
A physical quantity that is completely described by its magnitude is known as __ quantity.
scalar
In the context of a load deformation curve, yield point is also known as __ __.
elastic limit
The process of determining a single vector from 2 or more vectors by vector addition is known as __ __.
vector composition
