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Microbiology 2 > Ch.11 Interactive glossary > Flashcards

Ch.11 Interactive glossary Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

A colorless, watery diarrhea containing particles of intestinal tissue in cholera patients.

A

Rice-water stool

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2
Q

A complication of a few diseases, including campylobacteriosis and influenza, characterized by nerve damage and polio-like paralysis.

A

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)

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3
Q

A disease characterized by the formation of hemorrhages in the kidney and often resulting in kidney failure; associated with E. coli O157:H7.

A

Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)

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4
Q

A foodborne and waterborne bacterial disease of the intestine and blood caused by Salmonella typhi; characterized by intestinal ulcers, high fever, and red skin spots.

A

Typhoid fever

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5
Q

A foodborne and waterborne bacterial disease of the intestine caused by Campylobacter jejuni, characterized by diarrhea.

A

Campylobacteriosis

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6
Q

A foodborne and waterborne bacterial disease of the intestine caused by Shigella species, characterized by extensive diarrhea, often with blood and mucus.

A

Shigellosis

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7
Q

A foodborne and waterborne bacterial disease of the intestine caused by Vibrio cholerae, characterized by massive diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalance, and severe dehydration.

A

Cholera

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8
Q

A foodborne and waterborne bacterial disease of the intestine often caused by Escherichia coli, characterized by diarrhea.

A

Traveler’s diarrhea

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9
Q

A foodborne bacterial disease of the blood caused by Brucella species and accompanied in humans by blood involvement and undulating fever.

A

Brucellosis

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10
Q

A foodborne disease of the nervous system characterized by paralysis.

A

Botulism

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11
Q

A form of gastroenteritis caused by a serotype of Salmonella enterica.

A

Salmonellosis

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12
Q

A generalized bacterial infection of the bloodstream due to any of several organisms, including streptococci and staphylococci; once known as blood poisoning.

A

Septicemia

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13
Q

A metabolic poison produced chiefly by gram-positive bacteria; exotoxins are released to the environment on production; composed of protein and affect various organs and systems of the body.

A

Exotoxin

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14
Q

A nervous system form of listeriosis characterized by headache, stiff neck, delirium, and coma.

A

Meningoencephalitis

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15
Q

A rank of classification below the species level based on an organism’s reaction with antibodies in serum; used for several bacteria, especially Salmonella.

A

Serotype

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16
Q

A soilborne and foodborne bacterial disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes and accompanied by mild symptoms, except in pregnant women where miscarriage may occur.

A

Listeriosis

17
Q

A solution of electrolytes and glucose that is used to treat cholera.

A

Oral rehydration solution (ORS)

18
Q

A synonym for gastrointestinal illness.

A

Enteritis

19
Q

A toxin that is active in the gastrointestinal tract of the host.

A

Enterotoxin

20
Q

An alternate name for brucellosis in humans, due to the undulating nature of the fever.

A

Undulant fever

21
Q

An alternate name sometimes used for shigellosis.

A

Bacterial dysentery

22
Q

An enterotoxin produced by Shigella that triggers gastroenteritis.

A

Shiga toxin

23
Q

An illness in which bacterial toxins are ingested.

A

Food intoxication

24
Q

An illness in which live bacterial pathogens are ingested.

A

Food infection

25
Q

An inflammation of the colon.

A

Colitis

26
Q

Bloody diarrhea associated with infection by E. coli O157:H7.

A

Hemorrhagic colitis

27
Q

Bright red skin spots associated with diseases such as typhoid fever and relapsing fever.

A

Rose spots

28
Q

Excessive loss of fluid from the gastrointestinal tract.

A

Diarrhea

29
Q

Infection of the stomach and intestinal tract.

A

Gastroenteritis

30
Q

Minute amounts of the botulism toxin type A used to temporarily relieve movement disorders (muscle contractions).

A

Botox

31
Q

Paralysis in which the limbs have little tone and become flabby.

A

Flaccid paralysis

32
Q

The number of cells (or toxin molecules) ingested to cause a disease.

A

Infectious (toxic) dose

33
Q

The serotype of E. coli responsible for hemorrhagic colitis and HUS.

A

EHEC

34
Q

The time that elapses between the entry of a pathogen into the host and the appearance of symptoms.

A

Incubation period

Microbiology 2 (10 decks)

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