Ch.10 Interactive glossary Flashcards
A bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Legionella pneumophila, characterized by pneumonia, fever, and malaise.
Legionnaires disease
A bacterial disease of the upper respiratory tract in which an accumulation of mucus causes a narrowing of the tubes and a characteristic whoop on inhalation, thus the common name, whooping cough.
Pertussis
A colloquial expression for a mild case of pneumonia.
Walking pneumonia
A common name for Neisseria meningitidis.
Meningococcus
A common name for Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Pneumococcus
A complication of streptococcal disease in which inflammation in the joints and heart can occur.
Rheumatic fever
A complication of streptococcal disease involving the inflammation of blood vessels in the kidneys due to reactions between M proteins and antibodies.
Glomerulonephritis
A disease characterized by scattered patches of pneumonia, especially in the bronchial tree.
Bronchopneumonia
A disease occurring in about 10 percent of children with streptococcal pharyngitis.
Scarlet fever
A form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma and Legionella.
Atypical pneumonia
A general term for inflammation of the meninges due to any of several bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa.
Meningitis
A generalized bacterial infection of the bloodstream due to any of several organisms, including streptococci and staphylococci; once known as blood poisoning.
Septicemia
A hard nodule that develops in tissue infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Tubercle
A laboratory procedure in which Mycoplasma antibodies agglutinate human red blood cells at cold temperatures.
Cold agglutinin screening test (CAST)
A phosphate-storing granule that stains deeply with methylene blue; commonly found in Corynebacterium diphtheriae; also called volutin.
Metachromatic granule
A protein fiber that enhances the pathogenicity of streptococci by allowing organisms to resist phagocytosis and adhere firmly to tissue.
M protein
A rickettsial disease characterized by flu-like symptoms.
Q fever
A skin test used for the early detection of tuberculosis; performed by applying purified protein derivative to the skin and noting a thickening of the skin with a raised vesicle in a few days.
Tuberculin reaction
A staining process in which certain bacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium) resist decolorization with acid alcohol after staining with a primary dye.
Acid-fast technique
A strain of attenuated Mycobacterium bovis used for immunization against tuberculosis and, on occasion, leprosy.
Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)
A streptococcal toxin that leads to the rash in scarlet fever.
Erythrogenic toxin
A sudden intensification of symptoms, such as a severe bout of coughing.
Paroxysm
An accumulation of mucus, leukocytes, bacteria, and dead tissue in the respiratory passages of diphtheria patients.
Pseudomembrane
An airborne bacterial disease of the lung caused by Chlamydia psittaci, characterized by respiratory discomfort and influenza-like symptoms; also called ornithosis.
Psittacosis
An airborne bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterized by degeneration of the lung tissue and spreading to other organs.
Tuberculosis (TB)
An airborne bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, characterized by degeneration of the lung tissue; also called walking pneumonia.
Primary atypical pneumonia (PAP)
An alternate name for Legionnaires disease.
Legionellosis
An alternate name for pertussis.
Whooping cough
An antibody that circulates in the bloodstream and provides protection against toxins by neutralizing them.
Antitoxin
An infectious disease of the lower respiratory tract (bronchial tubes and lungs).
Pneumonia
An influenza-like disease of the lungs caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae.
Chlamydial pneumonia
An upper respiratory infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.
Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)
Infection with tubercle bacilli and characterized by the formation of a lung lesions that heal in most patients.
Primary tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are multi-drug resistant (MDR).
MDR TB
Pneumonia that involves an entire side or lobe of the lung.
Lobar pneumonia
Streptococci that destroy red blood cells completely; when cultivated in blood agar, a clearing forms around the colonies of the streptococci.
Beta hemolytic streptococci
Streptococci that do not destroy red blood cells; when cultivated in blood agar, there is no color change around colonies of these streptococci.
Non hemolytic streptococci
Streptococci that partially destroy red blood cells; when cultivated in blood agar, an olive green color forms around colonies of these streptococci.
Alpha-hemolytic streptococci
The covering layers of the brain and spinal cord.
Meninges
The spread of Neisseria meningitidis into the nonciliated epithelium and then to the blood.
Meningococcemia
Thick matter originating in the lower respiratory tract.
Sputum
Tuberculosis that spreads through the body.
Miliary tuberculosis
Usually applied to the beta hemolytic streptococci.
Group A streptococci (GAS)
