Ch.10 Interactive glossary

Question 1

A bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Legionella pneumophila, characterized by pneumonia, fever, and malaise.

Answer 1

Legionnaires disease

Question 2

A bacterial disease of the upper respiratory tract in which an accumulation of mucus causes a narrowing of the tubes and a characteristic whoop on inhalation, thus the common name, whooping cough.

Answer 2

Pertussis

Question 3

A colloquial expression for a mild case of pneumonia.

Answer 3

Walking pneumonia

Question 4

A common name for Neisseria meningitidis.

Answer 4

Meningococcus

Question 5

A common name for Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Answer 5

Pneumococcus

Question 6

A complication of streptococcal disease in which inflammation in the joints and heart can occur.

Answer 6

Rheumatic fever

Question 7

A complication of streptococcal disease involving the inflammation of blood vessels in the kidneys due to reactions between M proteins and antibodies.

Answer 7

Glomerulonephritis

Question 8

A disease characterized by scattered patches of pneumonia, especially in the bronchial tree.

Answer 8

Bronchopneumonia

Question 9

A disease occurring in about 10 percent of children with streptococcal pharyngitis.

Answer 9

Scarlet fever

Question 10

A form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma and Legionella.

Answer 10

Atypical pneumonia

Question 11

A general term for inflammation of the meninges due to any of several bacteria, fungi, viruses, or protozoa.

Answer 11

Meningitis

Question 12

A generalized bacterial infection of the bloodstream due to any of several organisms, including streptococci and staphylococci; once known as blood poisoning.

Answer 12

Septicemia

Question 13

A hard nodule that develops in tissue infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Answer 13

Tubercle

Question 14

A laboratory procedure in which Mycoplasma antibodies agglutinate human red blood cells at cold temperatures.

Answer 14

Cold agglutinin screening test (CAST)

Question 15

A phosphate-storing granule that stains deeply with methylene blue; commonly found in Corynebacterium diphtheriae; also called volutin.

Answer 15

Metachromatic granule

Question 16

A protein fiber that enhances the pathogenicity of streptococci by allowing organisms to resist phagocytosis and adhere firmly to tissue.

Answer 16

M protein

Question 17

A rickettsial disease characterized by flu-like symptoms.

Answer 17

Q fever

Question 18

A skin test used for the early detection of tuberculosis; performed by applying purified protein derivative to the skin and noting a thickening of the skin with a raised vesicle in a few days.

Answer 18

Tuberculin reaction

Question 19

A staining process in which certain bacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium) resist decolorization with acid alcohol after staining with a primary dye.

Answer 19

Acid-fast technique

Question 20

A strain of attenuated Mycobacterium bovis used for immunization against tuberculosis and, on occasion, leprosy.

Answer 20

Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG)

Question 21

A streptococcal toxin that leads to the rash in scarlet fever.

Answer 21

Erythrogenic toxin

Question 22

A sudden intensification of symptoms, such as a severe bout of coughing.

Answer 22

Paroxysm

Question 23

An accumulation of mucus, leukocytes, bacteria, and dead tissue in the respiratory passages of diphtheria patients.

Answer 23

Pseudomembrane

Question 24

An airborne bacterial disease of the lung caused by Chlamydia psittaci, characterized by respiratory discomfort and influenza-like symptoms; also called ornithosis.

Answer 24

Psittacosis

Question 25

An airborne bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, characterized by degeneration of the lung tissue and spreading to other organs.

Answer 25

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 26

An airborne bacterial disease of the lungs caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, characterized by degeneration of the lung tissue; also called walking pneumonia.

Answer 26

Primary atypical pneumonia (PAP)

Question 27

An alternate name for Legionnaires disease.

Answer 27

Legionellosis

Question 28

An alternate name for pertussis.

Answer 28

Whooping cough

Question 29

An antibody that circulates in the bloodstream and provides protection against toxins by neutralizing them.

Answer 29

Antitoxin

Question 30

An infectious disease of the lower respiratory tract (bronchial tubes and lungs).

Answer 30

Pneumonia

Question 31

An influenza-like disease of the lungs caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae.

Answer 31

Chlamydial pneumonia

Question 32

An upper respiratory infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes.

Answer 32

Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)

Question 33

Infection with tubercle bacilli and characterized by the formation of a lung lesions that heal in most patients.

Answer 33

Primary tuberculosis

Question 34

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains that are multi-drug resistant (MDR).

Answer 34

MDR TB

Question 35

Pneumonia that involves an entire side or lobe of the lung.

Answer 35

Lobar pneumonia

Question 36

Streptococci that destroy red blood cells completely; when cultivated in blood agar, a clearing forms around the colonies of the streptococci.

Answer 36

Beta hemolytic streptococci

Question 37

Streptococci that do not destroy red blood cells; when cultivated in blood agar, there is no color change around colonies of these streptococci.

Answer 37

Non hemolytic streptococci

Question 38

Streptococci that partially destroy red blood cells; when cultivated in blood agar, an olive green color forms around colonies of these streptococci.

Answer 38

Alpha-hemolytic streptococci

Question 39

The covering layers of the brain and spinal cord.

Answer 39

Meninges

Question 40

The spread of Neisseria meningitidis into the nonciliated epithelium and then to the blood.

Answer 40

Meningococcemia

Question 41

Thick matter originating in the lower respiratory tract.

Answer 41

Sputum

Question 42

Tuberculosis that spreads through the body.

Answer 42

Miliary tuberculosis

Question 43

Usually applied to the beta hemolytic streptococci.

Answer 43

Group A streptococci (GAS)