Ch.11

Question 1

anxiety

Answer 1

vague, highly unpleasant feeling of fear and apprehension

Question 2

attribution theory

Answer 2

individuals are motivated to discover the underlying causes of behavior in an effort to make sense of the behavior
calling on internal factors to explain performance is more productive

Question 3

extrinsic motivation

Answer 3

external incentives such as rewards and punishment

Question 4

flow

Answer 4

Csikszentmihalyis concept of optimal life experiences, which he believes occur most often when people develop a sense of mastery and are absorbed in a stat of concentration when they’re engaged in an activity

Question 5

helpless orientation

Answer 5

outlook in which individuals seem trapped when experiencing difficulty and attribute their difficulty to a lack of ability
undermines performance

Question 6

mastery orientation

Answer 6

outlook in which individuals focus on the task rather than on their ability
concentrate on learning strategies and the process of achievement instead of the outcome

Question 7

mentors

Answer 7

individuals who are usually older and more experienced and are motivated to improve the competence and character of a younger person

Question 8

performance orientation

Answer 8

outlook in which individuals are focused on winning rather than a specific achievement outcome
winning results in happiness

Question 9

self handicapping

Answer 9

use of failure avoidance strategies such as not trying in school or putting off studying until the last minute so that circumstances, rather than lack of ability, will be seen as the cause of low level performance