Ch.1 Flashcards
adolescence
developmental period of transition between childhood and adulthood that involves biological, cognitive, and socioemotional changes. beg 10 - 13 years of age and ends in late teens
adolescent generalization gap
Adelson’s concept of generalizations being made about adolescents based on information regarding limited, often highly visible group of adolescents
biological processes
physical changes in the individual’s body
Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory
focusing on influence of 5 environmental systems: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem
cognitive processes
changes in thinking and intelligence
cohort effects
characteristics related to persons year of birth, era, or generation rather than to his or her actual chronological age
contexts
settings in which development occurs. influenced by historical, economic, social, and cultural factors
continuity-discontinuity issue
is development more gradual and cumulative or more abrupt and sequential
correlation coefficient
number based on statistical analysis that is used to describe the degree of association between two variables
correlation research
goal is to describe strength of relationship between
cross-sectional research
a research strategy that involves studying different people of varying ages all at one time
dependent variable
factor that is measured in experimental research
descriptive research
aims to observe and record behavior
development
the pattern of movement or change that occurs throughout the life span. prenatal, infancy, early childhood, middle and late childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood
early adolescence
corresponds roughly to middle school or junior high school years and includes most pubertal change
early adulthood
beg in late teens or early twenties and lasting through the thirties
early childhood
from end of infancy to about 5 or 6 years of age (preschool years)
early-later experience issue
is development due more to early experiences, especially in infancy and early childhood, or to later experiences
eclectic theoretical orientation
does not follow any one theoretical approach but selects from each theory whatever is considered the best in it
emerging adulthood
from approximately 18 to 25 years of age (experimentation and exploration)
ethnic gloss
use of ethnic label such as African American in superficial way that portrays an ethnic group as being more homogeneous than it really is
experience sampling method (EMS)
providing participants with electronic pagers and then beeping them at random times to ask to report on various aspects of their lives
experimental research
involves an experiment. one or more factors believed to influence behavior being studied are manipulated while other factors are constant
gender bias
preconceived notion about abilities of females and males that prevents individuals from pursuing own interests and achieving their potential
