Ch.1 From Beliefs to Evidence

Question 1

Single Disciplinary perspective

Question 2

Multiciliary perspective

Question 3

Interdisciplinary Perspective

Question 4

Transdisciplinary Perspective

Question 5

Social Construction of childhood

Answer 5

○ Cultural background
○ Social class
○ Time
○ Gender
○ Ethnicity

Question 6

Philippe Aries

Answer 6

• Philosopher - Centuries of childhood (1960)
• Looked at old painting to get other perspectives of childhood

Question 7

Beliefs that influence parenting

Answer 7

○ Religion
○ Philosophy
○ Medicine
○ Psychology
○ Law/social forces

Question 8

Early Christian Theologians: ○ Martin Luther (1483-1546)

Answer 8

importance of patriarchy - “father needs to lead”

Question 9

Early Christian Theologians: John Calvin (1509-1564)

Answer 9

Doctrine of total depravity

Question 10

Early Christian Theologians: John Wesley and Susannah Wesley’s

Answer 10

Childrearing Rules
- Wrote a lot on family and parenting
- Importance of routine and rituals (mothers role to create the structure

Question 11

Early Christian Theologians: Horace Bushnell (1802-1876)

Answer 11

• Infants “formless lumps”
• Parents have the opportunity for “form them”

Question 12

Philosophers: Aristotle (384-322 BCE)

Answer 12

blank tablets (morally neutral)

Question 13

Philosophers: John Calvin (1509-1564)

Answer 13

total depravity

Question 14

Philosophers: Jacobus Arminius (1560-1609)

Answer 14

partial depravity

Question 15

Philosophers: John Locke (1632-1704)

Answer 15

blank slates (morally neutral)

Question 16

Philosophers: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

Answer 16

inherently innocent Emile

Question 17

Physicians: Luther Emmett Holt (1855-1924)

Answer 17

○ The Care and Feeding of Children (how to guide)
○ Influenced by health and not spreading diseases

Question 18

Physicians: Benjamin Spock (1903-1998)

Answer 18

○ The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care
○ Emphasized attachment and emotional connection

Question 19

Psychologists: G. Stanley Hall (1844-1924)

Answer 19

“Father of Adolescents”

Question 20

Psychologists: John B. Watson (1878-1958)

Answer 20

Strong behavioralist
○ The Psychological Care of Infants and Child
○ “Little Albert” Study

Question 21

WHy is Rights of the Child (UNCRC, 1989) important?

Answer 21

Takes rights away from parents and gives it to the child

Question 22

Six fundamental tasks of parenting (Bradley, 2007)

Answer 22

• Ensuring Safety
• Stimulating and Instructing
• Giving Socioemotional Support
• Structure
• Monitoring and Surveillance
• Providing Social Connectedness