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Parenting > Ch. 2 Theories > Flashcards

Ch. 2 Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Definition: Theory

A

an organized set of related ideas, concepts, and principles that describes and attempts to explain particular phenomenon

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2
Q

Main Theoretical Frameworks in Understanding Parenting (Parent-Child Relations)

A
  1. Attachment Theory (ethological= animals)
  2. Systems Theory
  3. Social Theory
  4. Developmental Theory
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3
Q

Definition: Attachment

A

the emotional tie to a parent experienced by an infant, from which the child derives security

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4
Q

4 Attachment Styles

A
  1. Secure
  2. Avoidant
  3. Ambivalent
  4. Disorganize
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5
Q

Secure Attachment

A
  • Believes and trusts that his/her needs will be met
  • Secure, Explorative, Happy
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6
Q

Avoidant Attachment

A
  • Subconsciously believes that his/her needs probably won’t be met
  • Not very explorative, emotionally distant
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7
Q

Ambivalent Attachment

A
  • Cannot rely on his/her needs being met
  • Anxious, Insecure, Angry
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8
Q

Disorganize Attachment

A
  • Severely confused with no strategy to have his/her needs met
  • depressed, angry, completely, passive, nonresponsive
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9
Q

Key Theorists that shaped Attachment Theory: Lorenz (1952)

A
  • First to construct it as a science
  • Research with Goslings
    □ Formed an attachment with the first object they saw when born aka. “imprinted”
    □ Based on survival
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10
Q

Key Theorists that shaped Attachment Theory: Harlow (1958)

A
  • Experiment with monkeys
  • Took attachment with a species closer to humans
    □ Baby monkeys took a better attachment to the more comforting monkey (More than just survival)
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11
Q

Key Theorists that shaped Attachment Theory: Bowlby (1958)

A
  • Post WW2, worked with orphans in Europe
  • Formed the attachment styles
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12
Q

Define: Novelty Seeking

A

child feels safe to explore

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13
Q

Define: Proximity Seeking

A

desire to go back to the secure base

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14
Q

Define: Internal Working Framework (IWF)

A

the use of both novelty and proximity working in a healthy way

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15
Q

Attachment and Biological Implications: 2 chemicals

A
  • Oxytocin
  • Myelination
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16
Q

Systems Theory

A
  1. Individual
  2. Family
  3. Society
17
Q

What does it mean to say a family is a system?

A
  • They do not exist in isolation from one another
  • “movement” in any one part of the “system” will affect all the rest of the parts of the system.
18
Q

Fundamental Concepts of Family Systems Theory

A
  1. Circular causality
  2. Boundaries
  3. Homeostasis
  4. Triangles
  5. Family rules
  6. Family roles
19
Q

Circular causality

A
20
Q

Boundaries

A
21
Q

Homeostasis

A
22
Q

Triangles

A
23
Q

Family rules

A
24
Q

Family roles

A
25
Q

Bronfenbrenner’s Model: Ecological Systems Map

A
  1. Microsystem
  2. Mesosystem
  3. Exosystem
  4. Macrosystem
  5. Chronosystem
26
Q

Microsystem

A
  • immediate environment
    Examples: Family, school, work, neighborhood
27
Q

Mesosystem

A
  • connections between environments
    Examples: Child’s birthday party, parent-teacher conferences, Christmas parties
28
Q

Exosystem

A
  • indirect environment
    Examples: government, social services, economics, parents’ workplace
29
Q

Macrosystem

A
  • social and cultural values
    Examples: cultural values, religious beliefs, ideologies, war
30
Q

Chronosystem

A
  • a change that happens over time
    Examples: Growing up/aging, technical advancements, job loss
31
Q

Social Theory: Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

A
  • “Bobo doll” studies of social learning in the 1960s
  • Observational Learning and reinforcement
32
Q

Parent-Child Coercive Cycles: Gerald Patterson (1895-1967)

A

Studied role of social learning in the development of delinquency

33
Q

Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development

A

Refers to the distance between an individual’s ability to do something independently and the ability of the individual to perform a task under adult (or more-advanced peer) guidance. Learning occurs when in this zone, according to Vygotsky

34
Q

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

A
  • Sensorimotor
  • Preoperational
  • Concrete Operational
  • Formal Operations
35
Q

Erikson’s stage Theory

A
  • Basic trust versus mistrust
  • Autonomy versus shame
  • Initiative versus guilt
  • Industry versus inferiority
  • Identity versus role confusion
  • Intimacy versus isolation
  • Generativity versus stagnation
  • Ego integrity versus despair

Parenting (12 decks)

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