Ch.1 Abdominal Pelvic Regions And Radiography Flashcards
Abdominal Pelvic Top Region
above the subcostal line is the epigastric region with the left/right hypochondriac regions
Abdominal Pelvic Center Region
umbilical region is centered, above the transtubercular line but below the subcostal line and its left right regions are called Lumbar Regions
Abdominal Pelvic Lowest Region
Pubic region is underneath the transtubercular line and is the lowest region and contains the right/left Inguinal regions
What are the 4 quadrants of the abdominal region and their acronyms?
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Radiography
Cheap, fast, simple medical imaging that is versatile and can diagnose a lot of things. Works by sending high-energy rays through the body, and dene material like our bones absorb it. At lower powers softer tissue can be shown.
mammography
Radiography of the breasts, can be used to find cancer
Dexa scan
A radiography type to measure bone density
Contrast medium
something used to make specific parts show up better in a radiography. Method of insertion depends on what part you need.
Angiography
Radiography used to look at blood vessels
Intravenous urography
urinary system radiography
Barium contrast x-ray
gastrointestinal tract radiography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Uses magnetic fields instead of radiation. Cannot be used on people with metal in their body
Way better for viewing softer tissues and used to catch strokes and internal bleeding.
Computed Tomography
(CT/CAT) Computer assisted radiography. can make 3D images if used multiple times. Also used for soft tissues like an MRI, but the difference is that it is technically an X-ray. Use cases: screening for lung cancers, coronary artery disease, and kidney cancers
Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography
(CCTA) Computer Assisted X-ray Another form of computer assisted radiography where an iodine contrast medium is injected into a vein and a beta blocker is used to decrease heart rate. Then numerous x-rays trace an arc around the heart and a scanner detects the x-ray beams and sends them to a computer to show a 3d model of the coronary blood vessels
Ultrasound scanning
High frequency sound waves are expelled by a wand, they bounce back on tissue and the instrument redetects them to make a sonogram. Used to look at pregnant women.
Doppler ultrasound
used for looking at organs and blood flow through blood vessels
Positron Emission Tomography
(Pet) A substance that emits positively charged particles is injected into the body where is taken up by tissues. The collusion of the positively charged particles with negative charge particles in the body create gamma rays that are detected by cameras and sent to a computer to create a PET
Used for physiology of body structures like metabolism
Radionuclide scanning
A radionuclide (radioactive substance) is introduced into the body and is carried by the blood to the tissue that needs imaging. Used for observing tissue and organ activity
Single photon emission computed tomography
(SPECT) a specialized radionuclide scanning method that is useful for the brain, heart, lungs, and liver
Endoscopy
Visual examination of the inside of the body organs or cavities using a lighted instrument with lenses called an endoscope
