Ch. Part 2

Question 1

The point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a blind spot because no receptor cells are located there

Answer 1

Blind spot

Question 2

The central focal point in the retina, around which the eyes cones cluster

Answer 2

Fovea

Question 3

Nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus such as shape, angle, or movement

Answer 3

Feature detectors

Question 4

The processing of several aspects of a problem simultaneously

Answer 4

Parallel Processing

Question 5

The theory that the retina contains three different color receptors, one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue. When stimulated in combination can produce the perception of any color

Answer 5

Young-Helmholtz trichromatic (three color) theory

Question 6

The theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision. For example some cells are stimulated by green and inhibited by red; others are stimulated by red and inhibited by green

Answer 6

Opponent process theory

Question 7

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

Answer 7

Optic nerve

Question 8

Perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color, even if changing illumination alters the wavelengths reflected by the object

Answer 8

Color constancy

Question 9

The sense or act of hearing

Answer 9

Audition

Question 10

The number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time
Ex: per second

Answer 10

Frequency

Question 11

A tones experienced highness or lowness; depends on frequency

Answer 11

Pitch

Question 12

The chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing 3 tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea’s oval window

Answer 12

Middle ear

Question 13

A coiled , bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

Answer 13

Cochlea

Question 14

The innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals and vestibular sacs

Answer 14

Inner ear

Question 15

Contain fluid and sensors that detect rotational movement of the head

Answer 15

Semicircular canals and balance

Question 16

Separates 2 liquid filled tubes that run along the coil of the cochlea, lined with tiny hairs

Answer 16

Basilar membrane

Question 17

In hearing, the theory that the rate of nerve impulses traveling up the auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone, thus enabling us to sense it’s pitch

Answer 17

Frequency theory

Question 18

In hearing, the theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea’s membrane is stimulated

Answer 18

Place theory

Question 19

Hearing loss caused by damage to the mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea

Answer 19

Conduction hearing loss

Question 20

Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to the auditory nerves; also called deafness

Answer 20

Sensorineural hearing loss

Question 21

A device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea

Answer 21

Cochlea implant

Question 22

The theory that the spinal cord contains a neurological gate that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. The gate is opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed by activity large fibers or by information coming from the brain

Answer 22

Gate control theory

Question 23

Perpetual phenomenon that demonstrates an interaction between hearing and vision in speech perception

Answer 23

McGurk Effect

Question 24

The principle that one sense may influence another, as when the smell of food influences it’s taste

Answer 24

Sensory interaction

Question 25

When one sense fails and the other senses heighten

Answer 25

Sensory compensation

Question 26

The system for sensing the position and move,net of individual body parts

Answer 26

Kinesthesis

Question 27

The sense of body movement and position including the sense of balance

Answer 27

Vestibular sense

Question 28

Specialized sensory neurons for the transmission of special senses. Part of sensory pathways for smell, sight, taste, hearing, and vestibular for functions

Answer 28

Bipolar cells

Question 29

Neurons that relay information from the retina to the brain via the optic nerve

Answer 29

Ganglion cells

Question 30

The sense of smell

Answer 30

Olfaction

Question 31

A sensation produced in one modality when a stimulus is applied to another modality, hearing a certain sound induces the visualization of a certain color

Answer 31

Synesthesia