Ch. 8 Part 1

Question 1

Learning that certain events occur together

Answer 1

Associative learning

Question 2

A type of learning in which an organism comes to associate stimuli

Answer 2

Classical conditioning

Question 3

The view that psychology 1) should be an objective science that 2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes

Answer 3

Behaviorism

Question 4

Russian psychologist, studied digestive systems of dogs, “discovered” classical conditioning

Answer 4

Ivan Pavlov

Question 5

A stimulus that unconditionally- naturally and automatically triggers a response

Answer 5

Unconditioned stimulus

Question 6

The unlearned, naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus

Answer 6

Unconditioned response

Question 7

A stimulus that does not elicit any response

Answer 7

Neutral stimulus

Question 8

An originally irrelevant stimulus that after association with an unconditioned stimulus comes to trigger a conditioned response

Answer 8

Conditioned stimulus

Question 9

The learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

Answer 9

Conditioned response

Question 10

The initial stage in classical conditioning; the phase associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus so that the neutral stimulus comes to elicit a conditioned response

Answer 10

Acquisition

Question 11

The diminishing of a conditional response

Answer 11

Extinction

Question 12

The reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response

Answer 12

Spontaneous recovery

Question 13

The tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar responses

Answer 13

Generalization

Question 14

The learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and a stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus

Answer 14

Discrimination

Question 15

This man researched taste aversion

Answer 15

John Garcia

Question 16

After experiencing a certain taste, a person has a conditioned response to that particular taste

Answer 16

Taste aversion

Question 17

A type of learning in which behavior is followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

Answer 17

Operant conditioning

Question 18

Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus

Answer 18

Respondent behavior

Question 19

Behavior that operates on the environment, producing consequences

Answer 19

Operant behavior

Question 20

Pioneered studies with rats and birds

Answer 20

B.F. Skinner

Question 21

Created the law of effect

Answer 21

Edward L. Thorndike

Question 22

Thorndikes principle that stated rewarded behaviors are likely to recur

Answer 22

Law of effect

Question 23

An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior toward closer and closer approximations of the desired behavior

Answer 23

Shaping

Question 24

A chamber also known as a skinner box. Used in operant conditioning research

Answer 24

Operant chamber

Question 25

A relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to experience

Answer 25

Learning