Ch. 9 Vocab

Question 1

movement away from the midline of the body, as viewed in the anatomical position

Answer 1

abduction

Question 2

a turning inward

Answer 2

inversion

Question 3

the most common pressure-related bursitis, involving a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe

Answer 3

bunion

Question 4

a small sac filled with synovial fluid that cushions adjacent structures and reduces friction

Answer 4

bursae

Question 5

joints

Answer 5

articulations

Question 6

movement of the thumb toward the surface of the palm or the pads of other fingers

Answer 6

opposition

Question 7

a fibrous synarthrosis that binds a tooth to the bone of the jaw

Answer 7

gomphosis

Question 8

the movement of two opposing surfaces sliding past one another

Answer 8

gliding

Question 9

the partial or complete dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 9

shoulder separation

Question 10

a type of slightly movable joint where a band or ligament connects bones

Answer 10

syndesmosis

Question 11

a fibrous cartilage pad between opposing surfaces in joints

Answer 11

meniscus

Question 12

an articulation that permits a small degree of independent movement

Answer 12

amphiarthrosis

Question 13

an increase in the angle between two articulating bones; the opposite of flexion

Answer 13

extension

Question 14

a therapeutic procedure involving the passive movement of an injured joint to stimulate the circulation of synovial fluid

Answer 14

continuous passive motion

Question 15

movement in a superior, or upward, direction

Answer 15

elevation

Question 16

an immovable joint

Answer 16

synarthosis

Question 17

a movement at a synovial joint in which the distal end of the bone moves in a circular direction, but the shaft does not rotate

Answer 17

circumduction

Question 18

the rotation of the forearm that makes the palm face posteriorly

Answer 18

pronation

Question 19

a totally rigid, immovable joint created when two bones fuse and boundary between them disappears

Answer 19

synostosis

Question 20

the rotation of the forearm such that the palm faces anteriorly

Answer 20

supination

Question 21

a synovial joint

Answer 21

diarthrosis

Question 22

movement toward the axis or midline of the body, as viewed in the anatomical position

Answer 22

adduction

Question 23

a rigid, cartilaginous bridge between two articulating bones

Answer 23

synchondrosis

Question 24

a turning outward

Answer 24

eversion

Question 25

a movement that reduces the angle between two articulating bones; the opposite of extension

Answer 25

flexion

Question 26

a dislocation; the articulating surfaces are forced out of position

Answer 26

luxation

Question 27

extension past the anatomical position

Answer 27

hyperextension

Question 28

movement posteriorly in the horizontal plane

Answer 28

retraction

Question 29

localized masses of adipose tissue covered by a layer of synovial membrane

Answer 29

fat pads

Question 30

the substance secreted by synovial membranes that lubricates joints

Answer 30

synovial fluid

Question 31

when a ligament is stretched to the point at which some of the collagen fibers are torn, but the ligament as a whole survives and the joint is not damaged

Answer 31

sprain

Question 32

a partial dislocation

Answer 32

subluxation

Question 33

a fibrous amphiarthrosis, such as that between adjacent vertebrae or between the pubic bones of the coxal bones; the bones are separated by a wedge or pad of fibrous cartilage

Answer 33

symphysis

Question 34

movement anteriorly in the horizontal plane

Answer 34

protraction

Question 35

inferior (downward) movement of a body part

Answer 35

depression

Question 36

a common name for a condition caused by the distortion of an intervertebral disc

Answer 36

slipped disc

Question 37

a group of rheumatic diseases that affect synovial joints; always involves damage to the articular cartilages

Answer 37

arthritis

Question 38

a condition caused by intervertebral compression severe enough to rupture the annulus fibrosus and release the nucleus pulposus, which may protrude beyond the intervertebral space

Answer 38

herniated disc

Question 39

a general term that indicates pain and stiffness affecting the skeletal system, the muscular system, or both

Answer 39

rheumatism

Question 40

the cartilage pad that covers the surface of a bone inside a joint cavity

Answer 40

articular cartilage