Ch. 1 Vocab.

Question 1

Lying face down with the palms facing the floor

Answer 1

Prone

Question 2

Separates superior and inferior portions of the body; perpendicular to long axis; horizontal

Answer 2

Transverse

Question 3

A sectional plane that divides the body into left and right portions

Answer 3

Sagittal plane

Question 4

A sectional plane that divides the body into an anterior portion and a posterior portion; also called coronal plane

Answer 4

Frontal plane

Question 5

Any muscular partition; the respiratory muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 5

Diaphragm

Question 6

Contains the lungs and the heart; associated organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and lymphoid systems; subdivided into two pleural cavities separated by the mediastinum

Answer 6

Thoracic cavity

Question 7

Extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis; subdivided into the superior abdominal cavity and inferior pelvic cavity

Answer 7

Abdominopelvic cavity

Question 8

Organs in the ventral body cavity

Answer 8

Viscera

Question 9

Subdivisions of the thoracic cavity that contain the lungs

Answer 9

Pleural cavities

Question 10

The central tissue mass that divides the thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities

Answer 10

Mediastinum

Question 11

The space between the parietal pericardium and the epicardium (visceral pericardium) that covers the outer surface of the heart

Answer 11

Pericardial cavity

Question 12

The inferior subdivision of the abdominopelvic cavity; encloses the urinary bladder, the sigmoid colon and rectum, and male or female reproductive organs

Answer 12

Pelvic cavity

Question 13

The study of the structure of the body

Answer 13

Anatomy

Question 14

The study of function; deals with the way organisms perform vital activities

Answer 14

Physiology

Question 15

The study of embryonic development, focusing on the first 2 months of fertilization

Answer 15

Embryology

Question 16

The study of cells

Answer 16

Cytology

Question 17

The study of tissues

Answer 17

Histology

Question 18

The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment

Answer 18

Homeostasis

Question 19

Changes in activity that maintain homeostasis in direct response to changes in the local environment; does not require endocrine or neural control

Answer 19

Autoregulation

Question 20

Results from the activities of the nervous system or endocrine system, two organ systems that control or adjust the activities of many other systems simultaneously

Answer 20

Extrinsic regulation

Question 21

A sensor that is sensitive to a particular environmental change, or stimulus

Answer 21

Receptor

Question 22

Receives and processes the information supplied by the receptor, which sends out commands

Answer 22

Control center

Question 23

A cell or organ that responds to the commands of the control center and whose activity either opposes or enhances the stimulus

Answer 23

Effector

Question 24

A corrective mechanism that opposes or negates a variation from normal limits

Answer 24

Negative feedback

Question 25

A mechanism that increases a deviation from normal limits after an initial stimulus

Answer 25

Positive feedback

Question 26

A dynamic state in which two opposing forces or processes are in balance

Answer 26

Equilibrium

Question 27

An axis

Answer 27

Plane

Question 28

Lying face up, with palms facing anteriorly

Answer 28

Supine