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Human Anatomy > Ch. 4 Vocab > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Cells that produce exocrine or endocrine secretions

A

Glands

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2
Q

A layer of filaments and fibers that attach an epithelium to the underlying connective tissue

A

Basal lamina

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3
Q

Transmembrane proteins that bind to each other and to extracellular materials

A

Cell adhesion molecules

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4
Q

Specialized areas of the plasma membrane that attach a cell to another cell or to extracellular materials

A

Cell junctions

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5
Q

Connections between cells that permit electrical coupling

A

Gap junction

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6
Q

A junction where the lipid portions of the two plasma membranes are tightly bound together by interlocking membrane proteins

A

Tight junctions

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7
Q

Site where CAMS and proteoglycans link the opposing plasma membrane; very strong; resist stretching and twisting

A

Desmomes

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8
Q

Glands that secrete onto the body surface or into a passageway connected to the exterior

A

Exocrine glands

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9
Q

Glands that secrete hormones into the blood

A

Endocrine glands

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10
Q

Passageways that deliver exocrine secretions to an epithelial surface

A

Ducts

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11
Q

One of the four primary tissue types; provides a structural framework that stabilizes the relative positions of the other tissue types; includes connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, and blood; contains cell products, cells, and ground substance

A

Connective tissues

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12
Q

The extracellular fibers and ground substance of a connective tissue

A

Matrix

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13
Q

A fluid that combines with extracellular fibers to form the matrix, which surrounds the cells

A

Ground substance

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14
Q

Long, straight, unbranched fibers; most common fibers in connective tissue proper; consist of a bundle of fibrous protein subunits wound together like the strands of a rope

A

Collagen fibers

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15
Q

Form a branching, interwoven framework that is tough, yet flexible; resist forces applied from many directions

A

Reticular fibers

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16
Q

contain the protein elastin; branched and wavy; after stretching, they’ll return to their original length

A

elastic fibers

17
Q

embryonic or fetal connective tissue

A

mesenchyme

18
Q

loose connective tissue with an open framework

A

areolar tissue

19
Q

loose connective tissue dominated by adipocytes

A

adipose tissue

20
Q

contains a watery matrix called plasma, which contains blood cells and fragments of cells; three types: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

A

blood

21
Q

the fluid contents of lymphatic vessels, similar in composition to interstitial fluid

A

lymph

22
Q

white blood cells

A

leukocytes

23
Q

small packets of cytoplasm that contain enzymes important in the clotting response; manufactured in bone marrow by megakaryocytes

A

platelets

24
Q

the fluid ground substance of whole blood; what remains after the cells have been removed from a sample of whole blood

A

plasma

25
Q

Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and forms glands

A

Epithelial tissue

26
Q

blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart and toward a peripheral capillary

A

arteries

27
Q

blood vessels carrying blood from a capillary bed toward the heart

A

veins

28
Q

small blood vessels located between an arteriole and a venule, whose thin wall permits the diffusion of gases, nutrients, and wastes between plasma and interstitial fluids

A

capillaries

29
Q

cartilage cells

A

chondrocytes

30
Q

a connective tissue with a gelatinous matrix that contains an abundance of fibers

A

cartilage

31
Q

a strong connective tissue containing specialized cells and a mineralized matrix of crystalline calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate (osseous tissue, aka bone)

A

bone

32
Q

a mucous membrane; the epithelium plus the lamina propria

A

mucous membranes

33
Q

a tissue characterized by the presence of cells capable of contraction; includes skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues

A

muscle tissue

34
Q

a tissue that conducts electrical impulses from one region of the body to another; 98% is concentrated in the brain and spinal cord; contains neurons and neuroglia

A

neural tissue

35
Q

cells in neural tissue that are specialized for intercellular communication through 1) changes in membrane potential and 2) synaptic connections

A

neurons

36
Q

cells of the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system that support and protect neurons; also called glia cells

A

neuroglia

37
Q

a nonspecific defense mechanism that operates at the tissue level; characterized by swelling, ,redness, warmth, pain, and some loss of function

A

inflammation

38
Q

a red blood cell; has no nucleus and contains large quantities of hemoglobin

A

erythrocytes

Human Anatomy (22 decks)

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