Ch. 13 Vocab Flashcards
a stretch reflex resulting from the stimulation of stretch receptors in the quadriceps muscles
patellar reflex
an inflammation of the meninges involving either the spinal cord or the brain; generally caused by bacterial or viral pathogens
meningitis
reflexes that provide a mechanism for the involuntary control of the muscular system
somatic reflexes
a nerve bundle containing the myelinated preganglionic axons of the sympathetic chain or to a collaterals ganglion
white ramus
a spinal reflex in infants, consisting of a fanning of the toes in response to stroking the sole of the foot; in adults, this sign indicates CNS injury
Babinski sign
a connective tissue partition that separates adjacent bundles of nerve fibers in a peripheral nerve
perineurium
reflexes from the connections that form between neurons during development; generally appear in a predictable sequence, from the simplest reflex response to more complex motor patterns
innate reflexes
the innermost layer of the meninges bound to the underlying neural tissue
pia matter
paralysis involving the loss of sensation and motor control of the upper and lower limbs
quadriplegic
a delicate network of connective tissue fibers that surrounds individual nerve fibers
endomeurium
paralysis involving a loss of motor control of the lower, but not the upper limbs
paraplegia
the space between the spinal dura mater and the walls of the vertebra, foramen; contains blood vessels and adipose tissue; a common site of injection for regional anesthesia
epidural space
a condition caused by the infection of neurons in dorsal root ganglia by the varicella-zoster virus; the primary sign is a painful rash along the sensory distribution of the affected spinal nerves
shingles
an enhancement of spinal reflexes
reinforcement
complex interwoven network of nerves
nerve plexus
complex, learned motor patterns
acquired reflexes
the outermost component of the cranial and spinal meninges
dura mater
regional losses of sensory and motor function as a result of nerve trauma, disease, or compression
nerve palsies
specialized membranes which surround the brain
cranial meninges
a dense layer of collagen fibers that surrounds a peripheral nerve
epineurium
the injection of anesthetic into the epidural space to eliminate sensory and motor innervation via spinal nerves in the area of injection
epidural block
a spinal tap performed between adjacent lumbar vertebrae inferior to the conus medullaris
lumbar puncture
fluid bathing the internal and external surfaces of the CNS; secreted by the choroid plexus
cerebrospinal fluid
functional groups of interconnected neurons; may be diffuse or localized
neuronal pool
a spinal reflex in adults, consisting of a curling of the toes in response to stroking the side of the foot sole
plantar reflex
a bundle of postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers that are distributed to effectors in the body wall, skin, and limbs by way of a spinal nerve
gray ramus
a series of specialized membranes surrounding the spinal cord; provide physical stability and shock absorption
spinal meninges
autonomic reflexes
visceral reflexes
a procedure in which cerebrospinal fluid is removed from the subarachnoid space through a needle, generally inserted between the lumbar vertebrae
spinal tap
