Ch. 9 Vocab

Question 1

dissatisfaction with one’s physical appearance as shown by a discrepancy between one’s ideal body figure and actual body figure

Answer 1

body image dissatisfaction

Question 2

Piaget’s third stage of reasoning, from about 6-11, in which thought becomes logical and is applied to direct tangible experiences but not to abstract problems

Answer 2

concrete operations

Question 3

the principle that a physical quantity, such as number, mass, or volume, remains the same even when its appearance changes

Answer 3

conservation

Question 4

an aspect of metacognition that refers to the understanding of memory and how to use strategies to enhance memory

Answer 4

metamemory

Question 5

the rise in IQ scores over generations in many nations

Answer 5

Flynn Effect

Question 6

Gardner’s proposition that human intelligence is composed of a varied set of abilities

Answer 6

multiple intelligence

Question 7

an approach to reading instruction that emphasizes teaching children to sound out words and connect sounds to written symbols

Answer 7

phonics instruction

Question 8

characterized by deficits in cognitive functioning and age-appropriate adaptive behavior, such as social, communication, and self-care skills that begin before 18 years of age; formerly known as mental retardation

Answer 8

intellectual disability

Question 9

refers to a family of disorders that range in severity and are marked by social and communication deficits, often accompanied by restrictive and repetitive behaviors

Answer 9

autistic spectrum disorder (ASD)