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A.P. Pschology > Ch. 9 > Flashcards

Ch. 9 Flashcards

0
Q

A clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event

A

Flashbulb memory

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1
Q

Persistence of learning over time through the storage & retrieval of info.

A

Memory

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2
Q

Processing information into the memory system

A

Encoding

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3
Q

Retention of encoded information over time.

A

Storage

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4
Q

Process of getting information out of memory storage

A

Retrieval

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5
Q

Memory from using senses

A

Sensory memory

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6
Q

Memory retrieving information learned recently

A

Short-term memory

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7
Q

Info is stored for long periods of time

A

Long-term memory

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8
Q

Freud’s psychoanalytical theory, defense mechanism that pushes memories into their subconscious.

A

Repression

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9
Q

Short term memory involves conscious active processing of incoming auditory&visual spatial info & Info retrieved from long term memory

A

Working memory

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10
Q

Information unconsciously encoded incidental info such as time, space, frequency & well learned info(word meanings)

A

Automatic processing

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11
Q

Incorporate incorrect information into our memory. (Add events into a story)

A

Misinformation effect

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12
Q

Believe you remember the memory, but you watched it, heard it, or were told it.

A

Source amnesia

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13
Q

Some information requires attention & conscious effort. (Rehearsal, spacing effect, serial position effect)

A

Effortful processing

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14
Q

Conscious repetition of information either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage

A

Rehearsal

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15
Q

Tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study practice.

A

Spacing effect

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16
Q

Recalling best the first and last items on a list

A

Serial position effect

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17
Q

Encoding visual images

A

Visual encoding

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18
Q

Encoding sound, especially sound of words

A

Acoustic encoding

19
Q

Encoding of meaning, including meaning of words

A

Semantic encoding

20
Q

Finding personal meaning

A

Self-reference effect

21
Q

Using Visual pictures

A

Imagery

22
Q

Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery

A

Mnemonics

23
Q

Organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often automatically/natural

A

Chunking

24
Q

People recall events more positively than at the time it happened

A

Rosy retrospection

25
Q

Memory method; imagines placing items(numbers,objects) around a familiar location and walks through and sees the images in their mind

A

Method of Loci

26
Q

Information is broken into broad concepts (categories&facts) then divided into lesser concepts

A

Hierarchies

27
Q

A photographic image in memory lasts no more than a few tenths of a second(visual)

A

Iconic memory

28
Q

If attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds(auditory)

A

Echoic memory

29
Q

New information. Can’t remember the new password, only can remember old.

A

Proactive interference

30
Q

Old information. Can’t remember old address after living in a new house for a year(only new one)

A

Retroactive interference

31
Q

Retention curve. (Rehearsal increases-relearning time decreases)

A

Ebbinghaus

32
Q

Tendency to recall experiences that are consistent w/ ones current good or bad mood.

A

Mood-congruent memory

33
Q

“I’ve experienced this before” subconscious trigger

A

Déjà vu

34
Q

The activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory. (Shop, stop)

A

Priming

35
Q

Coming back a second time after previously learning it

A

Relearning

36
Q

Measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier(fill in the blank)

A

Recall

37
Q

Measure of memory when person needs only to identify items previously learned(multiple choice)

A

Recognition

38
Q

(Procedural) memory of learned skills that don’t require recollection (skills, habits)(cerebellum)

A

Implicit memory

39
Q

(Declarative) memories of facts & experiences a person consciously knows & “declares” (hippocampus)(writing) exotic hippo

A

Explicit memory

40
Q

Increase in synape’s firing potential after brief/rapid stimulation. (Neural basis for memory & learning)

A

Long - term potentiation

41
Q

Loss of memory

A

Amnesia

42
Q

Neural center. Limbic system. Helps process explicit memories for storage

A

Hippocampus

43
Q

Psychologist known for her work with memory (memory construction)

A

Loftus

44
Q

Enshrined the recall capacity of the magical number 7, plus or minus 2

A

George Miller

45
Q

Forms and stores implicit memories

A

Cerebellum

A.P. Pschology (10 decks)

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