Ch 8: Social Differentiation and Stratification

Question 1

To the individual being labeled, the deviant label usually brings about _______

Answer 1

negative emotions

Question 2

The deviant label ____ people into an out group often because of their characteristics

Answer 2

sorts

Question 3

Humans sort each other by our ______ through social interaction

Answer 3

characteristics

Question 4

______ = unequal distribution of resources

Answer 4

inequality

Question 5

Inequality exists in all _____

Answer 5

societies

Question 6

_______ refers to the level of variation within a population

Answer 6

Social differentiation

Question 7

Functionalists argued that _______ would increase as the population increased

Answer 7

social differentiation

Question 8

______ refers to the categorization of groups by their resources

Answer 8

Social stratification

Question 9

A person’s position in the ________ influences every part of his or her life

Answer 9

stratification system

Question 10

As societies _____ they create structures that are often, if not always unequal to some degree

Answer 10

differentiate

Question 11

Interaction -> ______ -> Culture -> _______

Answer 11

Custom; Structure

Question 12

______ -> Custom -> ______ -> Structure

Answer 12

Interactions; Culture

Question 13

Population increases causes _____

Answer 13

social expansion

Question 14

Lenski claims that societies go from low tech to _____

Answer 14

high tech

Question 15

Lenski argues that societies go from low _____ to higher _____

Answer 15

inequality

Question 16

Durkheim studied the way that societies _______ changes as they get larger and more complex

Answer 16

division of labor

Question 17

_______ changes how society is held together

Answer 17

societal complexity

Question 18

Simple societies are held together by sameness because there is low _____

Answer 18

division of labor

Question 19

_____ is when simple societies are held together by sameness because there is a low DoL

Answer 19

mechanical solidarity

Question 20

_______ is when complex societies are held together by difference and have a high DoL

Answer 20

organic solidarity

Question 21

______ are held together by difference and have a high DoL

Answer 21

Complex societies

Question 22

Adaptation to the world/technology eventually creates social and cultural systems that impact people’s ability to change their ______

Answer 22

social status

Question 23

The ability to change one’s social class position is called

Answer 23

social mobility

Question 24

_______ - social position tied to ascribed status

Answer 24

closed systems

Question 25

_______ - unchangeable ascribed position at birth

Answer 25

Caste system

Question 26

_______ - inequality with very low mobility

Answer 26

estate system

Question 27

An example of an estate system would be the ______

Answer 27

feudal systems/dark ages monarchies

Question 28

________ - unequal and largely unchangeable social systems

Answer 28

slave systems

Question 29

________ - higher opportunity for transition between layers

Answer 29

open systems

Question 30

_______ - social position is based on an achieved status

Answer 30

class systems

Question 31

_____ and ____ are everything when determining social class position

Answer 31

income; wealth

Question 32

Weber argues that people's social position is based on: (3)

Answer 32

social class, status, and power

Question 33

______ is the power derived from wealth, and "life chances" to acquire

Answer 33

social class

Question 34

_____ is honor and prestige

Answer 34

social status

Question 35

______ is authority

Answer 35

power

Question 36

_____, _____, and _____ are often closely interrelated

Answer 36

class, status, power

Question 37

Weber ties class, status, and power to _____

Answer 37

conflict

Question 38

The _____, the _____, and the ______ are members of the lower class, with women and children increasingly overrepresented

Answer 38

working poor displace unemployed

Question 39

Those most likely to live in poverty in the United States are women and children, which referred to as ________

Answer 39

the feminization of poverty

Question 40

_______ are the way that our life and opportunities are often determined/directly influenced by our social class status

Answer 40

life chances

Question 41

Biggest predictor of a child's outcomes is their ________

Answer 41

parent's income

Question 42

_____ is the ability to change social positions

Answer 42

social mobility

Question 43

_______ is when you change status within your life

Answer 43

intragenerational

Question 44

_______ is when you change position from one generation to the next

Answer 44

intergenerational

Question 45

______ is a hallmark of class systems, but not all systems have equal mobility

Answer 45

mobility

Question 46

The US has a split labor market, which means that not all jobs have potential for _____

Answer 46

mobility

Question 47

_______ - relations between institutions that impact society and individuals

Answer 47

systems

Question 48

Processes and systems in society coordinate behavior and lead to social stability - F - C - SI

Answer 48

F

Question 49

Many social systems exist to oppress or oppress as a result of their processes - F - C - SI

Answer 49

C

Question 50

These process impact individuals by altering their socialization/cultural integration - F - C - SI

Answer 50

SI

Question 51

______ process of non-normative behaviors are recognized and sanctioned. positively or negatively

Answer 51

deviance

Question 52

This is how we tell people what they should or shouldn't do - F - C - SI

Answer 52

F

Question 53

Yes, but being labeled deviant is often arbitrary (not significant) and does damage to individuals - F - C - SI

Answer 53

C

Question 54

People can internalize the deviant label and it can lead to many different outcomes - F - C - SI

Answer 54

SI

Question 55

______ access to differing resources creates distinctions within society

Answer 55

Stratification/inequality

Question 56

Yes, but it does so for a reason - F - C - SI

Answer 56

F

Question 57

Yes, and that is going to impact people's lives in ways that relate to their inequality and life chances - F - C - SI

Answer 57

C

Question 58

Social class status will relate to how we see the world - F - C - SI

Answer 58

SI

Question 59

People paid different amounts due to the importance of their job to social functioning - Classic - Modern

Answer 59

Classic

Question 60

Parts of the social system are not doing their jobs and there is a dysfunction - Classic - Modern

Answer 60

Modern

Question 61

_____ in social systems is bad and is the result of people using their power to gain resources at the expense of others

Answer 61

inequality

Question 62

(T/F) Groups gain control of power and then use their influence over society to legitimate those beliefs

Answer 62

True

Question 63

Different positions are rewarded differently and sometimes it is because they are _____ and sometimes they are not

Answer 63

important

Question 64

Groups do _____ the system to benefit their own group, but not every person who is wealthy and not everyone who is successful achieves the status through ____

Answer 64

exploit; exploitation