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Sociology 2001 > Ch 7: Deviance > Flashcards

Ch 7: Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

Culture contains information important to the coordination of group behavior such as: (3)

A

norms, rituals, language

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2
Q

Deviant is _____

A

something different from the norms

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3
Q

We are all ____ in some way

A

deviant

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4
Q

There always has been and always will be ______

A

deviant behavior

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5
Q

Groups often label behaviors as deviant, leading to ______ and consequences for the person

A

sanctions

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6
Q

______ is determined by what is normal

A

Deviance

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7
Q

The _______ treats anything that is infrequent or unlikely to happen as deviant

A

statistical approach

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8
Q

The statistical approach states that commonly occurring things are _____

A

normal

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9
Q

In statistical approach, when we defend our actions by invoking their ________ we are using this definition of deviance

A

commonality

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10
Q

People can see deviant behaviors from either _____ (relativist) or _____ (absolutist) perspectives

A

subjective; objective

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11
Q

It is helpful to ask: “__________”

A

Are you ok with knowing someone else does this?

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12
Q

The _______ states that some behaviors, conditions, beliefs, and even people are inherently deviant

A

absolutist perspective

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13
Q

According to the ______ approach, it does not matter if a culture approves or disapproves of the behavior, condition, or belief

A

absolutist

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14
Q

The _____ view suggests that deviance can be interpreted only in the sociocultural context in which it occurs

A

relativistic

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15
Q

The medicalized position argues that deviant behavior is ______

A

pathological

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16
Q

Increasingly behavior that was once seen as a deviant choice is being reframed as _______

A

medical issues

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17
Q

Examples of deviant behaviors now considered medical issues

A

alcoholism, drug, sex addictions

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18
Q

Any violation of the law is considered deviant according to the _______

A

legalistic approach

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19
Q

How are these things considered deviant?:
Downloading an episode of a TV/getting it from a friend

A

–

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20
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Sleeping in the clothes you will wear the next day

A

–

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21
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Walking barefoot on campus

A

–

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22
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Asking your classmate for their contact/notes

A

–

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23
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Contracting an STD at birth

A

–

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24
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Eating something that was on top of the trash

A

–

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25
How are these things considered deviant? Shoes on in the house
--
26
How are these things considered deviant? Ketchup not in the fridge
--
27
People use many different mechanisms to determine what behavior is "normal" and inversely, what is ____
Deviant
28
_____ - something is normal when it happens often/something is deviant when it happens infrequently
statistical
29
Statistical - Something is normal when it happens often/something is deviant when it happens ____
infrequently
30
______ - some thing are inherently deviant
absolute
31
_____ - What is or is not deviant is determine by society and must be understood in context
normative
32
Statistical and absolutist perspectives are less useful for social analysis because they have trouble explaining the the amount of ____ in behavior that exists
variation
33
Statistical - Just because something infrequent does not mean that is _____ or _____
immoral; bad
34
Absolutist - Behaviors ___
vary
35
All society exert social ____ over it's members and labeling groups/people deviant is a very important mechanism of social control
control
36
What is a very important mechanism of social control?
Exerting social control and labeling
37
_____ social control is internal to us, often result from socialization
Internal
38
Internal social control is internal to us, often result from _______
socialization
39
External social control is from the outside and can be _____ or _____
formal; informal
40
______ social control is from the outside and can be formal or informal
External
41
Early theories of deviance argued that it was biological in nature - deviant behavior is the result of the _____
individual
42
Early theories of deviance argued that it was _______ in nature
biological
43
Sociological theories attempt to explain deviance by looking at ______ process and ______ structures
sociocultural; organization
44
______ attempt to explain deviance by looking at sociocultural process and organizational structures
sociocultural theories
45
The labeling of people or groups as deviant serves _____
social functions
46
Deviant behavior is often the result of _________ placed on people
social pressures
47
Deviant behavior is fundamental to _______
societal functioning
48
Punishing crime/deviance is about asserting shared values/beliefs and not about actual _______ of crime
deterrence
49
When a society ________ they renew and indicate the boundaries of social behavior and their solidairty
punishes deviant behavior
50
When a society punishes deviant behavior they renew and indicate the boundaries of _______ and their solidarity
social behavior
51
Punishing deviant behavior in less complex society has a _____ effect
strong
52
Punishing deviant behavior in complex, differentiated complex society has a _____ effect
weaker
53
Deviant behavior stretches the _____ over time
boundary
54
(T/F) Durkheim's idea that the boundary of society are flexible is shared by most sociologists
True
55
Some groups/individuals attempt to change the boundaries through ____
social action
56
_________ attempt to change the world to align with their worldview
Moral entrepreneurs
57
Moral entrepreneurs can be: (2)
Rule creators Rule enforcers
58
Movements generate interest/focus social attentions to a topic and also _____ new people to the cause
convert
59
The goal of moral entrepreneurs is to create a ________
new public morality
60
Society puts pressure on people to achieve certain ____
goals
61
Some people cannot uphold and engage in _____ behavior
deviant
62
_____ which the person accepts both goals and means
conformity
63
Ex: work hard in a socially acceptable job
conformity
64
_____ in which the person accepts goals but rejects means
innovation
65
Ex: work hard in a job that is socially unacceptable
innovation
66
_____ which the person rejects goals but accepts means
ritualism
67
Ex: don't care, but do it anyway
ritualism
68
______ in which the person rejects both goals and means
retreatism
69
Ex: don't care and don't do it
retreatism
70
____ in which the person withdraws his or her allegiance to a society and seeks to bring a new social structure
rebellion
71
Ex: burn it down and start over
rebellion
72
____ often have conflicting values
groups
73
Conflict is a part of _____
society
74
Those who are labeled deviant are often done by those who are high in _____ and social status
power
75
________ assume deviant labels are applied through consensus and serve a purpose
functionalists
76
Functionalists do not seem concerned with the impact of ____
labels
77
Deviant labels are used to oppress people with less _________
social power
78
_______ can also whip up society into a moral panic
moral entrepreneurs
79
_______ exaggerate fears about issues with society
moral panics
80
During a moral panic ____ are to blame for most of societies ills or for particular ills
Folk devils
81
(T/F) Often times the threat at the heart of a moral panic is perceived as less dangerous than it actually is
false; more dangerous
82
_______ argue that deviant behaviors are often learned from our environment/structure
Sociocultural learning theories
83
Labeling theory is rooted in _______ and the construction of self and meaning
symbolic interactionism
84
______ is the initial rule breaking
primary deviance
85
_______ is the deviance that results from the deviant label
secondary deviance
86
The way society punishes deviant behavior often impacts the ______ os those who have been labeled deviant
social status
87
Who is defined, or labeled, as deviant is the result of a _____ in which others react as though the person is deviant
social process
88
_____ is the mark that is left on someone from being labeled deviant
stigma
89
Stigma can be purely social or can be formalized through ________
social institutions
90
Stigma ______- shaming/Canceling
informal
91
Stigma ______ - Criminal record
formal
92
The ______ may overtake other status elements and limit opportunities
Stigmatic label
93
Many labeled as deviant often attempt to shake the label through various _____
strategies
94
______ is a violation of a criminal status
Crime
95
Deviance is about ____
norms
96
Crime is about _____
laws (rules)

Sociology 2001 (18 decks)

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