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Sociology 2001 > Ch 7: Deviance > Flashcards

Ch 7: Deviance Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Culture contains information important to the coordination of group behavior such as: (3)

A

norms, rituals, language

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2
Q

Deviant is _____

A

something different from the norms

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3
Q

We are all ____ in some way

A

deviant

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4
Q

There always has been and always will be ______

A

deviant behavior

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5
Q

Groups often label behaviors as deviant, leading to ______ and consequences for the person

A

sanctions

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6
Q

______ is determined by what is normal

A

Deviance

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7
Q

The _______ treats anything that is infrequent or unlikely to happen as deviant

A

statistical approach

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8
Q

The statistical approach states that commonly occurring things are _____

A

normal

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9
Q

In statistical approach, when we defend our actions by invoking their ________ we are using this definition of deviance

A

commonality

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10
Q

People can see deviant behaviors from either _____ (relativist) or _____ (absolutist) perspectives

A

subjective; objective

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11
Q

It is helpful to ask: “__________”

A

Are you ok with knowing someone else does this?

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12
Q

The _______ states that some behaviors, conditions, beliefs, and even people are inherently deviant

A

absolutist perspective

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13
Q

According to the ______ approach, it does not matter if a culture approves or disapproves of the behavior, condition, or belief

A

absolutist

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14
Q

The _____ view suggests that deviance can be interpreted only in the sociocultural context in which it occurs

A

relativistic

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15
Q

The medicalized position argues that deviant behavior is ______

A

pathological

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16
Q

Increasingly behavior that was once seen as a deviant choice is being reframed as _______

A

medical issues

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17
Q

Examples of deviant behaviors now considered medical issues

A

alcoholism, drug, sex addictions

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18
Q

Any violation of the law is considered deviant according to the _______

A

legalistic approach

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19
Q

How are these things considered deviant?:
Downloading an episode of a TV/getting it from a friend

A

–

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20
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Sleeping in the clothes you will wear the next day

A

–

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21
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Walking barefoot on campus

A

–

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22
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Asking your classmate for their contact/notes

A

–

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23
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Contracting an STD at birth

A

–

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24
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Eating something that was on top of the trash

A

–

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25
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Shoes on in the house

A

–

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26
Q

How are these things considered deviant?
Ketchup not in the fridge

A

–

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27
Q

People use many different mechanisms to determine what behavior is “normal” and inversely, what is ____

A

Deviant

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28
Q

_____ - something is normal when it happens often/something is deviant when it happens infrequently

A

statistical

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29
Q

Statistical - Something is normal when it happens often/something is deviant when it happens ____

A

infrequently

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30
Q

______ - some thing are inherently deviant

A

absolute

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31
Q

_____ - What is or is not deviant is determine by society and must be understood in context

A

normative

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32
Q

Statistical and absolutist perspectives are less useful for social analysis because they have trouble explaining the the amount of ____ in behavior that exists

A

variation

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33
Q

Statistical - Just because something infrequent does not mean that is _____ or _____

A

immoral; bad

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34
Q

Absolutist - Behaviors ___

A

vary

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35
Q

All society exert social ____ over it’s members and labeling groups/people deviant is a very important mechanism of social control

A

control

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36
Q

What is a very important mechanism of social control?

A

Exerting social control and labeling

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37
Q

_____ social control is internal to us, often result from socialization

A

Internal

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38
Q

Internal social control is internal to us, often result from _______

A

socialization

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39
Q

External social control is from the outside and can be _____ or _____

A

formal; informal

40
Q

______ social control is from the outside and can be formal or informal

A

External

41
Q

Early theories of deviance argued that it was biological in nature - deviant behavior is the result of the _____

A

individual

42
Q

Early theories of deviance argued that it was _______ in nature

A

biological

43
Q

Sociological theories attempt to explain deviance by looking at ______ process and ______ structures

A

sociocultural; organization

44
Q

______ attempt to explain deviance by looking at sociocultural process and organizational structures

A

sociocultural theories

45
Q

The labeling of people or groups as deviant serves _____

A

social functions

46
Q

Deviant behavior is often the result of _________ placed on people

A

social pressures

47
Q

Deviant behavior is fundamental to _______

A

societal functioning

48
Q

Punishing crime/deviance is about asserting shared values/beliefs and not about actual _______ of crime

A

deterrence

49
Q

When a society ________ they renew and indicate the boundaries of social behavior and their solidairty

A

punishes deviant behavior

50
Q

When a society punishes deviant behavior they renew and indicate the boundaries of _______ and their solidarity

A

social behavior

51
Q

Punishing deviant behavior in less complex society has a _____ effect

A

strong

52
Q

Punishing deviant behavior in complex, differentiated complex society has a _____ effect

A

weaker

53
Q

Deviant behavior stretches the _____ over time

A

boundary

54
Q

(T/F) Durkheim’s idea that the boundary of society are flexible is shared by most sociologists

A

True

55
Q

Some groups/individuals attempt to change the boundaries through ____

A

social action

56
Q

_________ attempt to change the world to align with their worldview

A

Moral entrepreneurs

57
Q

Moral entrepreneurs can be: (2)

A

Rule creators
Rule enforcers

58
Q

Movements generate interest/focus social attentions to a topic and also _____ new people to the cause

A

convert

59
Q

The goal of moral entrepreneurs is to create a ________

A

new public morality

60
Q

Society puts pressure on people to achieve certain ____

A

goals

61
Q

Some people cannot uphold and engage in _____ behavior

A

deviant

62
Q

_____ which the person accepts both goals and means

A

conformity

63
Q

Ex: work hard in a socially acceptable job

A

conformity

64
Q

_____ in which the person accepts goals but rejects means

A

innovation

65
Q

Ex: work hard in a job that is socially unacceptable

A

innovation

66
Q

_____ which the person rejects goals but accepts means

A

ritualism

67
Q

Ex: don’t care, but do it anyway

A

ritualism

68
Q

______ in which the person rejects both goals and means

A

retreatism

69
Q

Ex: don’t care and don’t do it

A

retreatism

70
Q

____ in which the person withdraws his or her allegiance to a society and seeks to bring a new social structure

A

rebellion

71
Q

Ex: burn it down and start over

A

rebellion

72
Q

____ often have conflicting values

A

groups

73
Q

Conflict is a part of _____

A

society

74
Q

Those who are labeled deviant are often done by those who are high in _____ and social status

A

power

75
Q

________ assume deviant labels are applied through consensus and serve a purpose

A

functionalists

76
Q

Functionalists do not seem concerned with the impact of ____

A

labels

77
Q

Deviant labels are used to oppress people with less _________

A

social power

78
Q

_______ can also whip up society into a moral panic

A

moral entrepreneurs

79
Q

_______ exaggerate fears about issues with society

A

moral panics

80
Q

During a moral panic ____ are to blame for most of societies ills or for particular ills

A

Folk devils

81
Q

(T/F) Often times the threat at the heart of a moral panic is perceived as less dangerous than it actually is

A

false; more dangerous

82
Q

_______ argue that deviant behaviors are often learned from our environment/structure

A

Sociocultural learning theories

83
Q

Labeling theory is rooted in _______ and the construction of self and meaning

A

symbolic interactionism

84
Q

______ is the initial rule breaking

A

primary deviance

85
Q

_______ is the deviance that results from the deviant label

A

secondary deviance

86
Q

The way society punishes deviant behavior often impacts the ______ os those who have been labeled deviant

A

social status

87
Q

Who is defined, or labeled, as deviant is the result of a _____ in which others react as though the person is deviant

A

social process

88
Q

_____ is the mark that is left on someone from being labeled deviant

A

stigma

89
Q

Stigma can be purely social or can be formalized through ________

A

social institutions

90
Q

Stigma
______- shaming/Canceling

A

informal

91
Q

Stigma
______ - Criminal record

A

formal

92
Q

The ______ may overtake other status elements and limit opportunities

A

Stigmatic label

93
Q

Many labeled as deviant often attempt to shake the label through various _____

A

strategies

94
Q

______ is a violation of a criminal status

A

Crime

95
Q

Deviance is about ____

A

norms

96
Q

Crime is about _____

A

laws (rules)

Sociology 2001 (18 decks)

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