Ch 5: Social Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

______ is created when humans interact within a geographic location and share a culture

A

Social structure

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2
Q

Over time interactions ____ structure

A

build

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3
Q

Social structure means that society is organized in a way that make human behavior and relationships _____

A

predictable

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4
Q

A _______ is a stable culture that develops around basic goals that are necessary for social systems to survive

A

social institution

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5
Q

_____ is a socially defined position that an individual occupies

A

status

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6
Q

(T/F) Status in the sociological sense does not indicate standing in society

A

False; does

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7
Q

A ______ is the combination of all statuses any individual holds at a given time

A

status set

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8
Q

Being a teacher, parent, child, sibling, and etc is an example of a _____

A

status set

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9
Q

______ is the status that we are born into

A

ascribed status

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10
Q

What are examples of ascribed statuses

A

age, race, and sex

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11
Q

An ______ is one that is the result of own effort or action

A

achieved status

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12
Q

What are examples of achieved statuses

A
  • Grade lvl in school
  • job status
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13
Q

All statuses have _____ attached to them

A

social roles

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14
Q

____ are a bundle or set of expectations given to a social status in society

A

roles

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15
Q

We occupy a ______ but we perform a ______

A

social status; role

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16
Q

Society _____ the expectations for social roles, individuals perceives those expectations and then make decisions based on those perceptions

A

prescribes

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17
Q

Society prescribes the expectations for social roles, individuals ______ those expectations and then make decisions based on those perceptions

A

perceive

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18
Q

______ is when the expectations of a status are not clear

A

Role ambiguity

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19
Q

_____ is when one role causes multiple stresses

A

Role strain

20
Q

_____ roles come into conflict

A

role conflict

21
Q

_____ are a fundamental part of social structure

A

groups

22
Q

A _____ can be as small as two people

A

group

23
Q

A group as small as two people is called a _____

A

dyad

24
Q

_____ are those in which people physically or socially interact

A

social groups

25
Q

(T/F) All groups are based on affiliation or affinity

A

False; Not all

26
Q

_____ are formed not by the group members but by sociologists and statisticians

A

Statistical groups

27
Q

_____ refer to a group of people who share a common characteristic

A

categorical groups

28
Q

Statistical and categorical groups are _______

A

not coordinated

29
Q

An ___ is a social group consisting of a collection of people who are together in one place and socialize very little

A

aggregate

30
Q

An ______ consists of people who join together in some organized way to pursue a common interest

A

associational or organizational group

31
Q

Sociologists are chiefly interested in ______, which have certain characteristics

A

social groups

32
Q

Sociologists are chiefly interested in social groups, which have the 4 following characteristics:

A

1) They interact
2) Members have a sense of belonging
3) Members share interests or agree on values, norms, and goals
4) They have a structure — a definable, recognizable arrangement of parts

33
Q

Primary groups are:
1) close and ______
2) important to _____

A

1) close and influential
2) important to self

34
Q

Secondary groups are:
1) means to an ____
2) sometimes go _____

A

1) means to an end
2) sometimes go between

35
Q

An ______ is a social category to which people feel they belong

A

in-group

36
Q

(T/F) Members know they belong in an in-group

A

true

37
Q

An _____ is one to which people feel they do not belong

A

out-group

38
Q

We may favor/prefer to give favors to people who are “____” us

A

like

39
Q

(T/F) Some people use their group status to influence others

A

True

40
Q

______ are who inspire our choices and who we think about when making comparisons

A

Reference

41
Q

Groups share information and resources and are linked together in _____

A

networks

42
Q

______ are reinforced by multiple connections and are close, weak ties are not as close

A

strong ties

43
Q

____ are not as close as strong ties are

A

weak ties

44
Q

______ are deliberately constructed groups and structural arrangements organized to achieve certain specific, clearly stated goals

A

Formal organizations

45
Q

Formal organizations tend to follow a ______

A

bureaucratic structure