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Medical Terminology > Ch 8 - Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

Ch 8 - Reproductive Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amni/o

A

amnion (amniotic sac)

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

neck; cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)

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3
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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4
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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5
Q

-centeis

A

surgical puncture

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6
Q

galact/o

A

milk

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7
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge, flow

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8
Q

lact/o

A

milk

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9
Q

-gen

A

forming, producing, origin

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10
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, femle

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11
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus (womb)

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12
Q

uter/o

A

uterus (womb)

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13
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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14
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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15
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

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16
Q

metr/o

A

uterus (womb); measure

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17
Q

endo-

A

in, within

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18
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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19
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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20
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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21
Q

perine/o

A

perineum

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22
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suture

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23
Q

salping/o

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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24
Q

vulv/o

A

vulva

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25
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

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26
Q

-arche

A

beginning

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27
Q

-cyesis

A

pregnancy

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28
Q

-gravida

A

pregnant woman

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29
Q

primi-

A

first

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30
Q

-para

A

to bear (offspring)

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31
Q

-salpinx

A

tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

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32
Q

-tocia

A

childbirth, labor

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33
Q

-version

A

turning

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34
Q

-rrhage; -rrhagia

A

bursting forth (of)

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35
Q

lip/o

A

fat

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36
Q

adip/o

A

fat

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37
Q

-cele

A

hernia, swelling

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38
Q

andr/o

A

male

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39
Q

balan/o

A

glans penis

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40
Q

gonad/o

A

gonads, sex glands

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41
Q

orch/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

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42
Q

orchi/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

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43
Q

orchid/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

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44
Q

test/o

A

testis (plural, testes)

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45
Q

spermat/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

46
Q

sperm/i

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

47
Q

sperm/o

A

spermatozoa, sperm cells

48
Q

varic/o

A

dilated vein

49
Q

vas/o

A

vessel; vas deferens; duct

50
Q

vesicul/o

A

seminal vesicle

51
Q

-cide

A

killing

52
Q

-tropin

A

stimulate

53
Q

-ism

A

condition

54
Q

crypt-

A

hidden

55
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate gland

56
Q

-plasia

A

formation, growth

57
Q

-trophy

A

development, nourishment

58
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen test

blood test to screen for prostate cancer

59
Q

candidiasis

A

vaginal fungal infection cause by Candida albicans; characterized by a curdy or cheeselike discharge and extreme itching

60
Q

cervicitis

A

inflammation of the uterine cervix

61
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

implantation of the fertilized ovum outside of the uterine cavity

62
Q

endometriosis

A

presence of endometrial tissue outside (ectopic) the uterine cavity, such as the pelvis or abdomen

63
Q

fibroid

A

benign neoplasm in the uterus that is composed largely of fibrous tissue; also called leiomyoma

64
Q

leukorrhea

A

white discharge from the vagina

65
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

scanty or infrequent menstrual flow

66
Q

pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)

A

potentially life-threatening disorder that usually develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and is characterized by edema and proteinuria

preeclampsia: nonconvulsive form of PIH
eclampsia: convulsive form of PIH

67
Q

pyosalpinx

A

pus in the fallopian tube

68
Q

retroversion

A

turning, or state of being turned back, especially an entire organ being tipped from its normal position (such as the uterus)

69
Q

sterility

A

inability of a woman to become pregnant or for a man to impregnate a woman

70
Q

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

A

rare and sometimes fatal staphylococcus infection that generally occurs in menstruating women, most of whom use vaginal tampons for menstrual protection

71
Q

trichomoniasis

A

protozoal infestation of the vagina, urethra, or prostate

72
Q

anorchism

A

congenital absence of one or both testes; also called anorchia

73
Q

balanitis

A

inflammation of the skin covering the glans penis

74
Q

cryptorchidism

A

failure of one or both testicles to descend into the scrotum

75
Q

epispadias

A

congenital defect in which the male urethra opens on the upper side of the penis near the glans penis instead of the tip

76
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital defect in which the male urethra opens on the undersurface of the penis instead of the tip

77
Q

impotence

A

inability of a man to achieve and maintain a penile erection; commonly called erectile dysfunction

78
Q

phimosis

A

stenosis or narrowness of the preputial orifice so that the foreskin cannot be pushed back over the glans penis

79
Q

sexually transmitted disease (STD)

A

any disease that may be acquired as a result of sexual intercourse or other intimate contact with an infected individual that affects male and female reproductive systems; also called venereal disease

80
Q

genital warts

A

wart(s) in the genitalia caused by human papillomavirus (HPV)

81
Q

chlamydia

A

STD caused by infection with the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis

most prevalent STD

82
Q

gonorrhea

A

contagious bacterial infection that most commonly affects the genitourinary tract and, occasionally, the pharynx or rectum

83
Q

herpes genetalis

A

infection in females and males of the genital and anorectal skin and mucosa with herpes simplex virus type 2

84
Q

syphilis

A

infectious, chronic STD characterized by lesions that change to a chancre and may involve any organ or tissue

85
Q

amniocentesis

A

obstetric procedure that involves surgical puncture of the amniotic sac under ultrasound guidance to remove amniotic fluid

86
Q

colposcopy

A

examination of the vagina and cervix with an optical magnifying instrument (colposcope)

87
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

radiography of the uterus and oviducts after injection of a contrast medium

88
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominal cavity with a laparoscope through one or more small incisions in the abdominal wall, usually at the umbilicus

89
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

90
Q

mammography

A

radiography of breast; used to diagnose benign and malignant tumors

91
Q

Papanicolaou (Pap) test

A

microscopic analysis of cells taken from the cervix and vagina to detect the presence of carcinoma

92
Q

ultrasonography (US)

A

imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that bounce off body tissues and are recorded to produce an image of an internal organ or tissue

93
Q

digital rectal examination (DRE)

A

examination of the prostate gland by finger palpation through the anal canal and the rectum

94
Q

cerclage

A

obstetric procedure in which a nonabsorbable suture is used for holding the cervix closed to prevent spontaneous abortion in a woman who has an incompetent cervix

95
Q

dilation and curettage (D & C)

A

surgical procedure that widens the cervical canal of the uterus (dilation) so that the endometrium of the uterus can be scraped (curettage)

96
Q

hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy

A

surgical removal of a uterus, fallopian tube, and an ovary

97
Q

lumpectomy

A

excision of a small primary breast tumor (“lump”) and some of the normal tissue that surrounds it

98
Q

mastectomy

A

complete or partial excision of one or both breasts, most commonly performed to remove a malignant tumor

99
Q

total mastectomy

A

excision of an entire breast, nipple, areola, and the involved overlying skin; also called simple mastectomy

100
Q

modified radical mastectomy

A

excision of an entire breast, including lymph nodes in the underarm (axillary dissection)

101
Q

radical mastectomy

A

excision of an entire breast, all underarm lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under the breast

102
Q

reconstructive breast surgery

A

reconstruction of a breast that has been removed due to cancer or other disease

103
Q

tissue (skin) expansion - reconstructive breast surgery

A

common breast reconstruction technique in which a balloon expander is inserted beneath the skin and chest muscle, saline solution is gradually injected to increase size, and the expander is then replaced with a more permanent implant

104
Q

transverse rectus abdominis muscle (TRAM) flap - reconstructive breast surgery

A

surgical creation of a skin flap (using skin and fat from the lower half of the abdomen), which is passed under the skin to the breast area, shaped into a natural-looking breast, and sutured in place

105
Q

tubal ligation

A

sterilization procedure that involves blocking both fallopian tubes by cutting or burning them and tying them off

106
Q

circumcision

A

surgical removal of the foreskin or prepuce of the penis, usually performed on the male as an infant

107
Q

transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)

A

surgical procedure to relieve an obstruction caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (excessive overgrowth of normal tissue) by insertion of a resectoscope into the penis and through the urethra to “chip away” at prostatic tissue and flush out chips (using an irrigating solution

108
Q

gonadotropin

A

hormonal preparation used to increase sperm count in infertility cases

109
Q

olig/o

A

scanty

110
Q

muc/o

A

mucus

111
Q

hydr/o

A

water

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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